Assignment #6: John Locke and Jean-Jacques Rousseau. How do their conceptions of the “social contract” differ? How are these differences related to differences between the English Glorious Revolution of 1688 and the French Revolution of 1789? John Locke and Jean-Jacques Rousseau were two very important philosophical thinkers of their time. John Locke was a prominent thinker from England‚ sometimes revered as the Father of Classical Liberalism due to his philosophical writings. Jean-Jacques
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his Metaphysics * Philosophical inquiry into the nature of truth is called epistemology * The study of epistemology attempts to describe and explain the nature of knowledge and truth‚ and whether it is possible to achieve genuine knowledge or perceive an ultimate truth KEY TERMS Metaphysics – most generally‚ the philosophical investigation of the nature‚ constitution‚ and structure of reality Epistemology – the study of the nature of knowledge and justificaiton Reality Is the Eternal
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Contributors Principal Issues Epistemology Epistemology is the investigation into the grounds and nature of knowledge. Found in the 1800’s From Old Greece forward‚ Plato‚ Socrates‚ and developmental ideas. Rationalism means the knowledge can be acquired through the use of reason and empiricism is obtained through experience. Externalism‚ empiricism‚ constructivism‚ and etc. Rene Descartes Immanuel Kant Aristotle Plato Locke Berkeley Spinoza The kind of knowledge of how
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Shaping Personal Epistemology Chris Arbuckle University of Phoenix Knowledge in Theory and Practice PHL/716 Dr. Katherine Downey January 2‚ 2015 Shaping Personal Epistemology Achieving a balance between consumer relations and employee retention is paramount to the overall success of a company’s sales force in multiple areas. Apple Inc. uses a specific philosophy that has been developed for their retail branch since the division started in 2001. Apple’s philosophical approach to consumer relationships
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WW Field Definition Historical Developments Theories Key Contributors Principal Issues Week 2 Epistemology The study of knowledge: What constitutes knowledge‚ the nature of knowledge‚ and whether knowledge is possible? Pre-Socratics observe and seek to define physical phenomena. Socrates studied human behavior and tried to determine the essential nature of knowledge. Aristotle sought to categorize his observations
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ISSUES Epistemology the theory of knowledge‚ is the branch of philosophy concerned with these questions a. Schools of thought and historical development 1) Skeptics a) Ancient (1) Pyrrho of Elis (2) Sextus Empiricus b) Medieval (1) St. Augustine 2) Rationalists a) Ancient (1) Plato b) Medieval (1) St. Anselm (2) St. Augustine c) Modern (1) Descartes (2) Leibniz (3) Spinoza 3) Empiricists a) Ancient (1) Aristotle b) Medieval (1) St. Thomas Aquinas c) Modern (1) Locke (2) Berkeley
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until the end of the French Revolution in 1799. We will be investigating two streams of thought in this period. First‚ we will look at Early Modern metaphysics and epistemology‚ focusing on Descartes‚ Locke‚ Berkeley‚ and Hume. And second‚ we will examine the political theory emerging at the time‚ particularly in the writings of Hobbes‚ Locke‚ and Rousseau. TEXTS The following editions are recommended‚ though public domain editions can be found online: Descartes‚ Meditations on First Philosophy‚ (Hackett
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John Locke was an English philosopher in the seventeen century. He was considered as one of the most highly influential and important enlightenment thinkers of all history. He wrote about political philosophy‚ epistemology‚ and education. Locke’s writings helped found modern Western philosophy and made an enormous impact. In 1690‚ he wrote “The Second Treatise‚” which compromised an idea of society based on natural rights and contract theory. In this portion of work‚ he came up with revolutionary
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JOHN LOCKE An English philosopher and physician regarded as one of the most influential of Enlightenment thinkers. Considered one of the first of the British empiricists‚ following the tradition of Francis Bacon‚ he is equally important to social contract theory. His work had a great impact upon the development of epistemology and political philosophy. His writings influenced Voltaire and Rousseau‚ many Scottish Enlightenment thinkers‚ as well as the American revolutionaries. His contributions to
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Inference to the Best Explanation is a type of abductive reasoning. In making this inference one infers‚ from the fact that a certain hypothesis would explain the evidence‚ to the truth of that hypothesis. In general‚ there will be multiple different hypotheses that might explain the evidence‚ so one must be able to decide which one is the correct hypothesis. One of the classic examples is how to explain wet grass. If the grass is wet‚ it probably rained. The Inference of the Best Explanation‚ one
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