to determine if there is a minimum temperature that increase kinetic energy and denature enzymes to slow enzymatic reactions or fail to catalyze them. The experimental results indicate an increase in temperature will increase reaction rates until proteins denature. Introduction Enzymes combine with reactant molecules (substrate) and bind them closely to one another. The three-dimensional shape of the enzyme molecule must be complementary to the shape of the substrate. Catalysts are not used up
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* A reactant in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction is called a substrate. The area of the enzyme that binds to the substrate is called the active site - where the action takes place. * Cofactors and coenzymes are small molecules or ions that help enzymes to act. HSC Biology Notes – Hugh Phillips Maintaining a Balance 1.Most organisms are active in a limited temperature range: Identify the role of enzymes in metabolism‚ describe their chemical composition and use a simple model to describe their
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Glucose 6-phosphate is transferred to NADP which soon becomes NADPH. NADPH is accumulated and later used for biosynthesis. *Fate of Ribulose 5-phosphate Ribulose 5-phosphate can now proceed to different enzymatic reactions. It is acted by an enzyme (Not specified) and converting it into ribose 5-phosphate. Oxidizing it and making it into ribose 5-phosphate. Ribulose 5-phosphate and xylulose 5-phosphate can later be converted into carbohydrate intermediates (fructose 6-phosphate) which are present
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Biochemical Tests- presence or absence of specific enzymes helps us to identify bacteria -used to evaluate metabolic capabilities of specific bacteria. 1. Catalase Test- Enzyme: Catalase Substrate: Hydrogen Peroxide Reagent: Hydrogen Peroxide Product: Oxygen Medium: TSA Bubbles (+)- Catalase… No Bubbles (-)- No Catalase 2. Denitrification Test- Enzyme: Nitrate Reductase
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Yeast which is also known as Saccharomyces Cerevisiae is a unicellular eukaryotic Fungi means that is made up of one cell with a nucleus(“What is Yeast”).Yeast is a very practical product that is used in mainy way like when baking Yeast helps raise the dough and also yeast is used in the process of making wine.The Reason why yeast was chosen to was to see how yeast can metabolize different sugars and how much Co2 they release when when metabolizing.To test the yeast at the lab we used 4 different
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Biology Lab Report Research Question: Effects of pH on amylase activity Introduction: Amylase is an enzyme that is in human’s saliva as well as the pancreas. Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up a chemical reaction. They break down complex molecules into simple ones. In this case‚ amylase converts starches (complex molecule) into simple sugars. That is why foods like potatoes for example‚ may taste sweet to us‚ because they contain starch. The optimum pH for pancreatic
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Within the mitochondria CHOL is converted to pregnenolone (PREG) by the side-chain cleavage enzyme known as CYP11A1. The conversion to PREG is the rate-limiting step and the following intermediate steps are taken place in the smooth endoplasmatic reticulum . PREG is either converted to 17α-hydroxypregnenolone (OH PREG) by the 17α-hydroxylase activity of CYP17A1 or converted to progesterone (PROG) by the enzyme 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3β-HSD). PROG is further converted to 17α-hydroxyprogesterone
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ABSTRACT Denim and its various items like pants‚ shirts‚ jackets‚ belts‚ caps‚ etc‚ are the most preferred clothing for today’s youth. This study discusses compositions and methods of reducing or preventing back staining of indigo dyes on the weft yarn and pocket of denim garments. The dye‚ as it is removed from the denim material‚ post treatment with cellulase or by a conventional washing process may cause ‘back staining’ or ‘redeposition’ on the denim material; e.g : re-coloration of blue
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effect different temperatures have on the enzyme (Rennin‚ in milk) Introduction: Rennin is usually present in out stomach it helps us digest protein. Enzymes have optimum temperatures‚ since rennin is an enzyme from the human stomach its optimum temperature would be around 37-38 Celsius‚ optimum pH would be 1-3. If the temperature is too low the enzymes will move around slowly. A temperature that is too high or an incorrect pH would denature the enzyme. Materials: 25 rennin labels Beaker
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Unit 1 Lesson 1 Key Question Biology SBI4U-C ILC 1) Mg2+ Has 10 electrons. 2) Carbon -14 would not be effective at dating bones that are millions of years old. Carbon -14 is effective at dating to a maximum of 40 000 to 50 000 years old. The isotope decays over time and would not be present on bones that are millions of years old. 3) Hydrolysis - Water used to breakdown molecules. Hydro means water and lysis means to breakdown. An example of hydrolysis in action within our bodies is how our
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