(a) Define the term equilibrium potential and use the Nernst equation (see Appendix) to show how the equilibrium potentials for both sodium and potassium are calculated. Equilibrium potential is the potential of the membrane when there is no net flow of ions from one gradient to the other gradient. The ions are equal and are opposite of each other but not moving from one side to the other. Sodium: Ena=2.303((8.31 J m-1 K-1)(310K))/((1(= 9.65 x 104 c m-1))(log(150/15))= 61.54 mV Ek=2.303((8
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Geothermal Energy Introduction The Geothermal is a clean and sustainable (renewable) energy. It has been estimated that the heat of the centre of the earth may reach 6000°C. It has been found that the increases one degree °C for 30-50 meters. The word geothermal is derived from Greek language where the first syllable “Geo” means “earth” and the second syllable “thermal” means “heat”. How it works The geothermal energy should be made useful through electrical generators. We are not free to dig anywhere
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English 1A Renewable Energy Green power‚ renewable energy‚ solar power‚ wind power‚ electric/hybrids. What is this? What can I do? Many may not know these terms‚ what they actually consist of‚ and how we can all do our part and help. What can any ordinary person do in our everyday lives to help care for Mother Earth? Renewable energy sources; solar‚ wind‚ and power these small changes can ensure a cleaner‚ safer and longer sustaining environment for our children’s grandchildren. Can renewables
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RENEWABLE ENERGY IN MALAYSIA BY MOHD HAIRINIZAM ABDUL KARIM FACULTY OF BUSINESS MANAGEMENT UITM‚ ARAU PERLIS FOR ENCIK KAMSOL MOHAMED KASSIM LECTURER ENVIRONMENTAL MARKETING (MKT 665) FACULTY BUSINESS MANAGEMENT UITM‚ ARAU PERLIS ACKNOWLEDGEMENT This assignment is to meet the learning needs of the subjet of MKT 665 (Environmental Marketing). MKT 665 is one of the subjects taught in the modules for the study of the Faculty of Business Administration (Marketing). In completing
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Solar Energy The Sun is a star and without it there would be no life on earth. This is why the Sun is called the ultimate source of energy. The Sun’s energy is produced by a process called nuclear fusion. Every second‚ the Sun emits vast amounts of energy‚ much of which is light‚ and this solar radiation can be converted into electricity. Plants and trees are pretty good at collecting this energy. With the help of green chlorophyll‚ they use light energy to make food – they’re our solar powered
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are two primary methods for generating electricity from water. One method uses the energy potential of trapped water in dams in a more sophisticated version of the water wheel‚ and the other method of generating electricity is to capture energy from ocean waves. Electricity generated from water is entirely renewable‚ sinccete water is an abundant natural resource First method:When a dam is used to generate energy‚ tunnels are installed in the dam when it is built. These tunnels are lined with turbines
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Energy Economics 40 (2013) S12–S23 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Energy Economics journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/eneco On the economics of renewable energy sources Ottmar Edenhofer a‚b‚c‚⁎‚ Lion Hirth a‚d‚ Brigitte Knopf a‚ Michael Pahle a‚ Steffen Schlömer a‚ Eva Schmid a‚ Falko Ueckerdt a a Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research‚ P.O. Box 601203‚ 14412 Potsdam‚ Germany Economics of Climate Change‚ Technische Universität Berlin‚ Straße des 17‚ Juni 145
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Chapter 16: Energy Management and Audit in Best Exports 16.1 What Is Energy? Energy is the ability to do work and work is the transfer of energy from one form to another. In practical terms‚ energy is what we use to manipulate the world around us‚ whether by exciting our muscles‚ by using electricity‚ or by using mechanical devices such as automobiles. Energy comes in different forms - heat (thermal)‚ light (radiant)‚ mechanical‚ electrical‚ chemical‚ and nuclear energy. 16.2 Definition
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Energy is the fuel that runs the engine of the world economy. Believe it or not our need for energy is not primarily to run economies but intrinsically to create order in the world. Wind energy Wind energy is the kinetic energy associated with the movement of atmospheric air. It has been used for hundreds of years for sailing‚ grinding grain‚ and for irrigation. Wind energy systems convert this kinetic energy to more useful forms of power. Wind energy systems for irrigation and milling have been
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Energy Politics Issue XV1: Winter 2008 Table of Contents Economics Energy Policy and Ecomics’ Understanding Crude Oil Prices By James D. Hamilton 4 Government Business People Nuclear Fuel Banks By Danila Bochkarev 37 Forecasts on Saudi Arabia Liquids Production By Jean Laherrere 62 Four Dozen Chinese Rigs are in te U.S. Land Market With Dozen More Planned By Kathy Kemper 82 Regular Features Peak Oil and the Second Great Depression By Colin Campbell 85
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