Review all chapters in your exercise manual beginning with the introduction INTRODUCTION: (Covered 9.4.14 II Week 1) Biosafety levels1: basic level of containment. Hand washing or wearing gloves 2: Appropriate for working with human body fluids. Autoclave‚ sharps containers‚ lab coats 3: appropriate for working with pathogens that can be transmitted via respiratory route. Self-closing‚ double doors and sealed windows 4: Highest level. Aerosol pathogens; pathogens with no vaccine/treatment. Separate
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Bacteria Prokaryotic & Eukaryotic Cells 1-7.Bacteria cells reproduce ASEXUALLY BY BINARY FISSION. Asexually means the offspring comes from one parent Draw what Binary Fission of a bacteria looks like: 8. Label the parts of this prokaryotic cell. [pic] 9. Name several structures that are found in eukaryotic‚ but NOT prokaryotic cells. 10. What type of cells are the most numerous on Earth? 11. What are the most common type of prokaryotic cells? 12. How old are the earliest
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MICROBIOLOGY STUDY QUESTI0NS - EXAM 1 1. Briefly discuss the theory of spontaneous generation. What scientific evidence was presented to disprove the theory? Spontaneous generation- theory (until second half of 19th century) that some forms of life can arise spontaneously from nonliving matter‚ i.e. maggots from corpses Redi (1668)- demonstrated maggots do not arise from decaying meat by filling two jars with decaying meat (one sealed‚ one unsealed). Unsealed jar developed larvae and sealed did
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exclusion and removal of all cells in a liquid or gas‚ and is especially important to sterilize solutions which would be denatured by heat (antibiotics‚ injectable drugs‚ vitamins‚ etc.). 2. Boiling – at 100oC for 30 minutes kills almost all endospores. Very long or intermittent boiling is required to
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If there is any update‚ it will be posted no later than this Saturday (2/8/14) Identify the following individuals’ major contributions to science Ehrlich – magic bullet Hooke –cell theory and microscope Jenner - cowpox Lister- disinfectant (phenol) Koch- kochs postulate Lancefield- immunology to classify via serotypes Linnaeus- nomenclature Pasteur- pasteurization‚ vaccine‚ microbes in nonliving matter‚ aseptic techniques‚ fermentation. van Leeuwenhoek- described live organisms with Hooke’s microscope
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negatively charged substance‚ such as bacterium. Acidic Dye = (eosin) have negatively charged chromophore groups‚ and thus are attracted to positively charged substances. Chromophore Group = chemical staining group. Bacilli = rod- shaped bacterium. Endospore = survival forms of the cells. Bacterial Spore =
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BIO 113 Spring 2012 - Dr. MJ Bernot Study Guide – Exam 2 Chapter 7- IS AT THE BOTTOM. Bernot wrote it so hopefully it is useful • Describe the structure of DNA and discuss how it facilitates the ability of DNA to act as genetic material • Compare and contrast prokaryotic and eukaryotic chromosomes • Describe the process of DNA replication as a semi-conservative process. Compare and contrast the synthesis of the leading and lagging strands in DNA replication. • Explain
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Nutritional Factors that Influence Microbial Growth To live/reproduce‚ all living things need: An energy source A source of Carbon Food Sunlight – phototroph Iron etc- chemotroph If reduced form of chemical‚ organism can use it as energy Organic-chemoorganotroph Inorganic – chemolithotroph Organic cmpds- heterotroph CO2- autotrophs Nitrogen fixation- make into organic form that humans can use N is often a limiting nutrient in the environment Meaning
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Chapter 1: The Main Themes of Microbiology What is Microbiology? • micron = small and biologia = study of living things • Microbiology = study of small living things • How small is “small”? • What do we really mean by living? • Working definition: Study of entities too small to be seen with the unaided human eye. • (< 0.2 mm = 200 µm = 200‚000 nm) Types of Microbes Prokaryotes include Bacteria and Archaea Eukaryotes include Protista (Algae and Protozoa)‚ Fungi‚ and Animalia
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be either organic‚ meaning from a living organism‚ or inorganic‚ such as carbon dioxide. Prokaryotes split into two lineages known as Archae and Bacteria. The Bacteria are more numerous than the Archae. Bacteria can be endospore-forming bacteria. Bacteria that form endospores are able to survive harsh and severe conditions. Bacteria can also be Enteric Bacteria‚ they inhabit the intestinal tracts of animals. One species is
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