Using material from item 2b and elsewhere assess the contribution of functionalist sociologists to our understanding of the family. Functionalists employ the idea of the nuclear family being the main universal family in society and most benefitting. The nuclear family functions to meet the pro dominant means of society (sexual reproduction‚ educational and economic functions). The family allows each member of the family to shine individually and enjoy success. Functionalist Charles Murray also argues
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Using material from item A and elsewhere‚ access sociological explanations of the nature and extent of family diversity today. Families today are becoming increasingly more diverse and there are different sociological views from different groups such as‚ rapoports‚ functionalists and feminists. The rapoports believe in the importance of family and how important it is in society today. And see diversity as a very important and made to help people in needs and wants. Unlike functionalists who
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Assess the view that crime and deviance are the products of the labelling process (21 marks) The labelling theory is a micro interactionist approach‚ this is because it focuses on how individuals construct the social world through face-face interactions. It recognises the concept of the ‘procedural self’ where ones identity is continuously constructed and recognised in interaction with significant others‚ this results in the individual’s behaviour‚ including that related to crime and deviance
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Using material from Item A and elsewhere assess sociological explanations of the nature and extent of family diversity today. Family diversity is the idea that there are a range of different family types‚ rather than a single dominant one like the nuclear family. It is associated with the post-modernists idea that in today’s society increasing choice about relationships is creating greater family diversity. Item A makes clear that different sociologists ‘are divided over both the extent of family
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Using material from Item A and elsewhere‚ assess the claim that gender differences in educational achievement are primarily the ’result of changes in society’ Some sociologists claim that gender differences in achievement are the result of external factors such as changes in wider society‚ e.g. The impact of feminist ideas and changing employment opportunities (as stated in Item A). However‚ this could also be an outcome of internal factors such as the education system becoming ’feminised’‚ which
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Using the material from item A and elsewhere asses the usefulness of subcultural theories in explaining subcultural crime and deviance in society. Durkheim argued that a certain amount of crime was ‘healthy’ for society and that it is deviant behaviour that provided a catalyst for social change. He said that crime and deviance are functional because the ritual of punishment is an expressive experience that serves to bind together members of a social group and establishment a sense of community;
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There are many reasons for educational underachievement and it has been said that ethnicity is one of these key factors. It has been found that Indian and Asian pupils are of higher educational achievement than White‚ African-Caribbean‚ and Black‚ Pakistani and Bangladeshi pupils. One possible cause of ethnic differences in education could be at the fault of the education system. To investigate this Sewell conducted a study using semi-structured interviews and observations in an inner-city boys’
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Religion can be powerful under the right certain circumstances for social change. However it can be argued that religion can be a conservative force. Weber argues that religious beliefs contributed to major social change- specifically the emergence of modern capitalism in Northern Europe in the 16th and 17th centuries. Modern capitalism differs from capitalism as it is based on systematic‚ efficient and a rational pursuit of profit and profit for its own sake rather than consumption. Weber calls
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Using material from item A and elsewhere assess the usefulness of modernization theory as an explanation for differences in the levels of development of different societies. Modernization theory first arose after world war two‚ when western countries like the US‚ Britain and France all believed that capitalism was the only way to modernize countries in Eastern Europe. The different communist and capitalist governments didn’t agree on theories of modernization and so the cold war started. The first
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Using materials from the item and elsewhere‚ assess the view that there is little difference between scientific theories‚ religious doctrines and political ideologies. An ideology is most commonly regarded as a set of ideas and values shared by a social group. Some people‚ for example Inclusivists‚ believe that there is little difference between scientific theories‚ religious doctrines and political ideologies. This is because an Inclusivist’s definition of religion is very broad. Anything which
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