Thermochemistry IB questions 1. Ammonium nitrate‚ NH4NO3‚ dissolves readily in water according to the equation: NH4NO3(s) NH4+(aq) + NO3-(aq) H = 28kJ mol-1 Which of the following contribute(s) to the occurrence of this process? I. The system moves to lower enthalpy. II. The system becomes more disordered. a. I only b. II only c. Both I and II d. Neither I nor II 2. Which substance has the largest lattice energy? a. NaF b. KCl c. MgO d. CaS 3. A certain reaction is spontaneous
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Stereochemistry of Butenedioic Acid Objective: To study the interconversion of two geometric isomers‚ maleic acid (cis isomer) to fumaric acid (trans isomers)‚ the differences in physical properties between this pair of cis-trans isomers and determine the stereochemistry of addition of bromine to butenedioic acid. Chemicals and Apparatus: 2 grams of maleic acid‚ 10 cm3 of concentrated hydrochloric acid‚ 10 cm3 of bromine water[1]‚ one 50 cm3 beaker‚ one 100 cm3 beaker‚ one 250 cm3
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A. Goal and Purpose: Session 1: In this lab‚ we will achieve a simple Friedel-Crafts alkylation of anthracene. The choice of anthracene as an aromatic substrate stems from two considerations. First‚ there is a question of regioselectivity. Second‚ anthracene and its derivatives are highly visible under UV light. Session 2: In this lab‚ we will complete a partial conversion of 9-acetylanthracene using m-chloroperoxybenzoic acid (mCPBA). We will also determine by NMR‚ the regiochemistry of the
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are underlined can absorb infrared radiation as their vibrations give rise to oscillating dipoles. 15. Classify the following reactions: a) CH3CH 3 + Br2 → CH3CH2Br + HBr Free radical substitution b) CH2=CH2 + Br2 → CH2BrCH2Br Electrophilic
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English Proficiency This test is designed to assess the test takers’ general proficiency in the use of English language as a means of self-expression in real life situations and specifically to test the test takers’ knowledge of basic grammar‚ their vocabulary‚ their ability to read fast and comprehend‚ and also their ability to apply the elements of effective writing. 1. Grammar 1. Agreement‚ Time and Tense‚ Parallel construction‚ Relative pronouns 2. Determiners‚ Prepositions‚ Modals
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macromolecules‚ only a limited number of different side-chain chemical groups are available to function as catalysts. The myriad of enzyme-catalyzed reactions results from the ability of most of these groups to function either as nucleophilic‚ electrophilic‚ or general acid–base catalysts‚ and the key to their adapted chemical function lies in their states of protonation. Ionization is determined by the intrinsic pKa of the group and the microenvironment created around the group by the protein or
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Radical Bromination) (Reacts with alkanes) Reagent: Br2 in H2O Observation: decolorization‚ brown ( colorless Procedure: 2 drops of test compound in test tube+ 1 drop 0.05 M Br2 in H2O‚ shake well‚ record observations Bromination in Dark (Electrophilic Addition Halogenation) (Reacts with alkenes) Reagent: Br2 in H2O Observation: decolorization‚ brown ( colorless Procedure: 2 drops of test compound
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phase containing the triphenylmethanol from the aqueous phase. The triphenlmethanol was then isolated and purified by crystallization and vacuum filtration. Reaction Scheme: Mechanism: The nucleophilic phenyl magnesium bromide attacks the electrophilic carbonyl of benzophenone to form a magnesium alkoxide. This is followed by hydrolysis by an acid to produce the alcohol‚ triphenylmethanol. Procedure: The procedure followed was as is described in "Laboratory Manual for Organic Chemistry 2311
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Protein Hydrolysis and Characterization Group 7 Niez‚ Robert Francis‚ *Orbin‚ Alfonso Ricardo* Parro‚ Athena Emmanuelle Peralta‚ Christian Department of Biological Sciences‚ University of Santo Tomas‚ Manila‚ Philippines • Abstract Hydrolyzed Protein is protein that has been hydrolyzed or broken down into its component amino acids. While there are many means of achieving this‚ two of the most common are prolonged boiling in a strong acid (acid-HVP) or strong base or using an enzyme such
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Amino Acids Glycine is the smallest of the amino acids. It is ambivalent‚ meaning that it can be inside or outside of the protein molecule. In aqueous solution at or near neutral pH‚ glycine will exist predominantly as the zwitterion. Alanine is a hydrophobic molecule. It is ambivalent‚ meaning that it can be inside or outside of the protein molecule. The α carbon of alanine is optically active; in proteins‚ only the L-isomer is found. Serine differs from alanine in that one of the methylenic
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