REAC 714 Studying SN1 and SN2 Reactions: Nucleophilic Substitution at Saturated Carbon Date of Experiment: February 6‚ 2008 Objective: The objective of this laboratory experiment is to study both SN1 and SN2 reactions. The first part of the lab focuses on synthesizing 1-bromobutane from 1-butanol by using an SN2 mechanism. The obtained product will then be analyzed using infrared spectroscopy and refractive index. The second part of the lab concentrates on how different factors influence the rate
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School of Chemistry @ Pietermaritzburg University of KwaZulu Natal Chemistry 310 Substitution reaction of Molybdenum Hexacarbonyl: the use of infrared spectroscopy as a structural tool in metal carbonyl chemistry. Abstract The synthesis of isomer A and B of [Mo(CO)4(PPh3)2] were prepared from molybdenum hexacarbonyl‚ sodium borohydride and triphenylphosphine with a % yield of 79% and 8.5% respectively. Two isomer was identified using IR spectra and from isomer A four C≡O stretching
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meta-directing. Reactions: Electrophilic aromatic substitution rxns‚ Nucleophilic aromatic substitution rxns (via benzyne or substitution-elmination)‚ Diels-Alder (endo/exo‚ inter/intramolecular)‚ Diene 1-2 and 1-4 electrophilic addition‚ Eliminating bromine from arenes via Grignard‚ Carboxylation of arenes via Grignard 4 Properties of: Amines (pkAs and resonance structures for aromatic and aliphatic molecules)‚ amides (sp2 hybridized by amide bonds)‚ anilines (aromatic amines) Structure of: Sugars
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Introduction The purpose of this experiment is to synthesize methyl nitrobenzoate from methyl benzoate‚ concentrated HNO3‚ and concentrated H2SO4 via an electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction. Reaction Procedures/ Observations Use a 50 ml beaker to cool about 6 ml of concentrated sulfuric acid in an ice water bath. Weigh the vial containing about 3 grams of methyl benzoate and add it to the cooled sulfuric acid. Next pour about 2 ml of sulfuric acid to the nitric acid in the vial
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Introduction : "Aromatic" and "aromatic compound" sidetrack here. For implications identified with odor‚ see fragrance compound. Two distinctive reverberation types of benzene (top) consolidate to create a normal structure (base) In natural science‚ the term aromaticity is utilized to depict a cyclic (ring-molded)‚ planar (level) particle that shows strange dependability when contrasted with other geometric or connective game plans of the same arrangement of iotas. As an aftereffect of their security
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Synthesis of p-Nitroacetanilide (electrophilic aromatic substitution) In this experiment‚ we convert acetanilide to p-nitroacetanilide. [pic] The mechanism for the nitration is that of electrophilic aromatic substitution. The nitronium ion is directed to the positions ortho and para to the acetamido (-NHCOCH3) group. This occurs because the resonance electron-releasing effect of that group increases the electron density at those positions‚ helping to stabilize the intermediates that
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* Introduction to Organic Chemistry Understand the basis of drawing organic structures Depicting 3-D structures in 2-D Most organic compounds have a three-dimensional structure. How do we represent structures on our two-dimensional page? For example‚ methane is a tetrahedral molecule: Bonds in the plane of the paper: Bonds coming towards the observer: (out of the page) Bonds going away
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Compounds containing aromatic groups are widespread in nature‚ and for this reason chemists who aim to synthesize naturally occurring compounds in the laboratory often need to introduce substituents to aromatic rings. In the organic synthesis laboratory‚ electrophilic aromatic substitutions which result in the formation of new carbon-carbon bonds are called ‘Friedel-Crafts’ alkylations and acylations‚ named for Charles Friedel of France and James Crafts of the United States‚ who together developed
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2/16/2014 Purpose of the experiment: To understand the mechanisms for Fisher esterification reactions as an equilibrium process and hydrolysis is the reversal reaction of esterification. Nitrate methyl benzoate by an electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction. Summary of procedures: Add sulfuric acid to the mixture of benzoic and methanol‚ heat up the mixture to 65 oC. Transfer the mixture to the separatory funnel and add ether‚ sodium bicarbonate and saturated sodium chloride-brine
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The early twentieth century led to the discovery of penicillin‚ which revolutionized the use of curative agents to combat many bacterial contagions found around the globe. This was particularly useful in 1943 when the War Production Board outlined a plan to mass-produce a powdered formula of the drug to aid in the WWII American war effort.1 Penicillin’s use on Allied forces in the field reduced the number of amputations and deaths by an estimated 12-15%.2 Despite penicillin’s continued use today
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