Fluid and Electrolytes Imbalances Fluid Compartments: * Extracellular Fluid (ECF) – This is fluid found outside of the cells and the amount of ECF decreases with age. In the newborn for example‚ approximately ½ of the body fluid is contained in the ECF. By the time the infant has reached one year old; the ECF has decreased to approximately 1/3 of the total volume. In an average 70 kg adult the ECF is approximately 15 liters of total volume. ECF can further be divided into the following:
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by blocking the absorption of sodium‚ chloride‚ and water from the filtered fluid in the kidney tubules‚ causing a profound increase in the output of urine (diuresis). Common side effects of furosemide include low blood pressure‚ dehydration and electrolyte depletion such as hypokalemia. Less common side effects include jaundice‚ ringing in the ears (tinnitus)‚ sensitivity to light (photophobia)‚ rash‚ pancreatitis‚ nausea‚ diarrhea‚ abdominal pain‚ and dizziness. Increased blood sugar and uric acid
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Company Glaceau VitaminWater Product Glaceau VitaminWater Mellow Section 1 – PIC More companies are starting to infuse their water with vitamins and electrolytes. Glaceau Vitamin Water is a new product that is starting to become more popular. It is similar to Gatorade because it does contain plenty of electrolytes‚ but it does not contain high fructose corn syrup‚ and Gatorade does. My new product idea will be Mellow an addition to Glaceau Vitamin Water’s product line. Mellow featured
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become accustomed to while on vacation are very potent sources of coconut water that has many health benefits and uses that you probably did not know about. Coconut water is the purest liquid second only to water itself. It is chock full of electrolytes‚ calcium‚ potassium‚ magnesium; everything that is good for you. Coconut water is the liquid that is taken from unripe coconuts. If coconuts get ripe the liquid that is inside will harden and become a part of the white flesh of the coconut‚
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lower-calorie line of Gatorade drinks‚ named G2‚ was released. Propel Fitness Water – tag line “fit has a feeling. And a water”: In 2000‚ Gatorade introduced Propel Fit Water‚ a vitamin enhanced water that is artificially sweetened. Propel has the same electrolytes as Gatorade‚ along with some vitamins‚ making it similar to Vitamin Water. Propel Fitness Water with Calcium was introduced in
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to artificially clean the blood‚ remove excess fluid and electrolytes. The patient will have to go to a facility to have this done on a routine schedule. The dialysis machine uses dialysate solution to maintain diffusion gradients that help with removing waste and add other substances; meanwhile the patient will also be heparinized to prevent clotting during the procedure. Patients with renal disease or renal failure have a lot of electrolyte imbalances and most commonly will have too much calcium
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vibrations about their equilibirum positions) and these conductors carry a current as electrons pass through the orbitals of the atoms or ions. (See pages 449-501 in your text.) Electrolytic conduction is observed in solutions of strong and weak electrolytes‚ in molten salts‚ and in some ionic solids. Conduction occurs in electrolytic conductors as both positive ions and negative ions migrate toward electrodes. In contrast to electronic conduction‚ electrolytic conduction involves a transport of
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Investigating in the effect of ion concentration in electrolytes on the potential difference in a voltaic cell Introduction When two electrodes made of different metals are connected together in a voltaic cell‚ the chemical energy present is converted into electrical energy and an electromotive force is generated. This force‚ called the electrode potential‚ is normally measured under standard conditions‚ which is 298K‚ 1 mol dm-3 solution for the electrolyte. However when one measures the electrode potential
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electrodes A & B. (ii) Which electrode is the oxidizing electrode. Ans : - (i) A – Anode‚ B – Cathode. (ii) A. Q. 5. State the appropriate term used for : – A liquid or solution‚ which conducts electricity with accompanying chemical change. Ans.: - Electrolytes. Q.6. Electrons are getting added to an element Y. (i) Is Y getting oxidized or reduced? (ii) What charge will Y have after the addition of electrons? (iii) Which electrode will Y migrate to during electrolysis? Ans : - (i) Reduced (ii)
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ADULT ELECTROLYTE REPLACEMENT PROTOCOLS Standing electrolyte replacement protocols are available for use in adult patients admitted to King Khaled Hospital. Najran‚ Saudi Arabia. The protocols are listed below. SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS: • Intravenous infusions of electrolytes must be administered with free-flow protected infusion devices (i.e. infusion pump). • Patients must meet the following criteria prior to initiation of the Potassium‚ Magnesium‚ or Phosphorus protocols: o SCr < 2 mg/dL
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