http://genetics.biozentrum.uni-wuerzburg.de/behavior/learning/behaviorism.html Operant Conditioning and Behaviorism - an historical outline Around the turn of the century‚ Edward Thorndike attempted to develop an objective experimental method for the mechanical problem solving ability of cats and dogs. Thorndike devised a number of wooden crates which required various combinations of latches‚ levers‚ strings and treadles to open them. A dog or a cat would be put in one of these ’puzzle-boxes’
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Reuptake – neurotransmitters after sending the message are either broken down or reabsorbed by terminal buttons Neurotransmitters: 1. Acetylcholine – effect: muscle contraction‚ and a role in the development of memory in the hippocampus. 2. Dopamine – effect: voluntary movement‚ learning‚ and feelings of pleasure. 3. Norepinephrine (noradrenaline) – effect: arousal‚ alertness‚ and stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system. 4. Serotonin – sleep‚ arousal levels‚ and emotion. Kasamatsu and Hirai
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Nature of Psychology Nicole Celencevicius Capstone Course in Psychology/Psy490 September‚ 26‚ 2011 Dr. Susan Ellis-Slavich The Diverse Nature of Psychology Psychological is a very diverse field. The field of psychology is broken into four major theoretical perspectives; the psychodynamic perspective‚ the humanistic perspective‚ the cognitive-behavioral perspective‚ and the family systems perspective (Plante‚ 2011). In addition to major theoretical perspectives‚ psychology is comprised
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|Basic Principles | |Objectivism/Behaviorism |Cognitivism |Constructivism | |Learning happens when a correct response is demonstrated |Learning is a change of knowledge state
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Cognitive behavioral psychology is the study of how people think‚ feel‚ and act. In the movie inside out‚ the main character‚ Riley‚ has a problem and goes through many different emotions through her move from Minnesota to California. Since this move is so far and everyone seems different‚ Riley believes the that she won’t fit in and it will never be the same‚ this causes her to want to run away. Riley’s journey relates to cognitive psychology because she expresses her thoughts‚ how she feels‚ and
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"Major Characteristics of Development" Infancy Physical - Physical development obviously starts long before the common "infantile" stage that we all think of today. Brain development begins in the weeks following conception. A noticeable brain is apparent after only three to four weeks‚ when the neural plate folds up to form the neural tube. The bottom of the tube becomes the spinal cord. "Lumps" then emerge at the top of the tube and form the forebrain‚ midbrain‚ and hindbrain. The so-called primitive
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The cognitive approach to the study of psychology focuses on understanding the thinking processes that underlie our actions. It deals with information storage and processing. Some psychologists use computer analogy to describe this process (LTM is hard drive‚ STM is temporary files that may or may not be saved‚ etc...).The cognitive approach asks us how we remember‚ why we forget‚ and what thinking tool kit we need to utilize in order to solve problems. The cognitive approach builds on the behaviorist
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There are four primary conditioning theories of behaviorism. These four theories are Pavlov’s (1849-1936) classical conditioning‚ Thorndike’s (1874-1949) connectionism (also known as law of effect)‚ Guthrie ’s (1886-1959) contiguous conditioning‚ and Skinner’s (1904-1990) operant conditioning. According to the text (Shunk 2012) Classical conditioning was discovered around the beginning of the 20th century by Russian physiologist Ivan Pavlov. Pavlov was studying digestive process in dogs when he
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Psychoanalysis vs. Behaviorism Have you ever heard the popular expression it’s not what’s on the outside that counts‚ it’s what’s on the inside that matters? I’m sure we have all heard it a million times. Now you may be asking yourself what does this have to do with psychology? It fits perfectly with Freud’s metaphor of the iceberg. Where on the outside of the iceberg lies the conscious which is filled with everything we are aware of all the time. But on the inside (underneath) the iceberg lies
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Psychology 318 – COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY Instructor: Dr. Susan Marshall Office: 407 Fraser E-mail: smarshall@ku.edu Office Hours: Tuesday & Thursday 9:00-9:15 & 10:45-noon Teaching Assistant: Rudy Goldstein Office: 528 Fraser Email: rgolds@ku.edu Office Hours: Monday & Wednesday 11:30-12:30 Text: Ashcraft & Radvansky‚ Cognition (5th Edition) Website: http://courseware.ku.edu In this course‚ you will learn about the scientific study of cognitive processes. The focus will be on
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