The purpose of this study is to understand the feeding rate of Daphnia magna. D. magna is a species of Daphnia that belongs to the suborder Cladocera (Ebert‚ 2005). They live in freshwater and feed on small‚ suspended particles in the water. They are filter feeders. Phyllopods‚ which are leaf-like appendages‚ provide a filtering apparatus for the collection of food. These structures beat to produce a constant current of water‚ allowing particles to be filtered by fine setae on the thoracic legs.
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electronic fetal monitor (EFM)‚ category II fetal heart rate (FHR) Huddle Up for Fetal Safety: Strategies to Improve Outcomes In the mid-1990s‚ the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) sponsored a series of workshops to standardize definitions of electronic fetal monitoring (EFM) fetal heart rate (FHR) characteristics. The common language they developed to describe fetal heart rate tracing patterns‚ which provide important information
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Isolation of Caffeine in Tea Introduction Today’s world is addicted to coffee and tea for an easy wake up. Both contain caffeine‚ a drug known for its stimulant properties. Tea‚ by weight‚ contains approximately 2-4% caffeine‚ and the average cup of tea has anywhere from 40 to 120 mg of caffeine (Landgrebe‚ 327; Mayo Clinic Staff). According to the American Heart Association‚ caffeine not only stimulates the brain and nervous system‚ but it releases fatty acids from adipose tissue‚ and affects
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Extraction of Caffeine from Tea leaves Casinabe‚ Antonio Karlo‚*Catahay‚ Jesus Alfonso‚ Cerdena‚ O’neil‚ Cordova‚ Robelle Department of Biological Sciences‚ College of Science University of Santo Tomas‚ España Street‚ Manila 108 Group 4 2MB Date Submitted: December 13‚ 2012 ------------------------------------------------- ABSTRACT: The purpose of this experiment is to extract the amount of caffeine present in tea bags. In this experiment‚ isolation‚ characterization and purification
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Extraction of Caffeine from Tea Leaves Jaybee Balilea‚ Sharmaine Baysic‚ and Maria Anjelette Patricia Belen 3BIO7‚ Department of Biology‚ University of Santo Tomas‚ Manila‚ Philippines Abstract Extraction is a technique for isolating and purifying organic substances. In this technique‚ a solution is combined thoroughly with a second solvent that is immiscible with the first solvent. The solute is extracted from one solvent into the other because it is more soluble in the second solvent
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You never feel more alive than when you are closest to death. But is it worth it? Is the stress-filled phenomenon that is adrenalin‚ coming straight from the adrenal glands travelling to the heart via significantly dilated blood vessels‚ stimulating a higher heart rate‚ while triggering a release of endorphins worth the risk? Worth the ‘risk’ that will all capture us eventually but still cripples fully grown men to a riverbank of tears and a prison of hidden emotional pain? Maybe‚ maybe not...
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the daphnia to a chemical stimulant. Also examined was how human resting heart rates differed from the daphnia’s. Stimulants are any substances that raise the levels of activity in the body. Stimulants could be a number of things such as physical or chemical. Physical stimulus usually deal with something that affects the five senses such as sight‚ hearing these could be attributed to loud noises or too much light going into your eye. Chemical stimuli differ because chemicals such as caffeine and
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Neuropsychiatric effects of caffeine Abstract Psychiatrists rarely enquire about caffeine intake when assessing patients. This may lead to a failure to identify caffeine-related problems and offer appropriate interventions. Excessive caffeine ingestion leads to symptoms that overlap with those of many psychiatric disorders. Caffeine is implicated in the exacerbation of anxiety and sleep disorders‚ and people with eating disorders often misuse it. It antagonises adenosine receptors‚ which may potentiate
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EXTRACTION Organic Chemistry Laboratory This experiment was conducted in order to compare single and multiple extraction of caffeine from dried tea leaves and to calculate the percentage yield of caffeine for both extraction procedures. The group was assigned to do the multiple extraction. Before the extraction proper‚ the water bath containing the anhydrous sodium carbonate and distilled water was heated. As the sodium carbonate dissolves‚ tea leaves were added in the mixture and allowed to
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THE EFFECTS OF EXCHANGE RATE IN INFLATION OUTPUT AND THE CURRENT ACCOUNT ABSTRACT The empirical studies on the effects of changes in exchange rates on inflation and real activity can be broadly divided into four categories: Single-equation econometric methods‚ Vector autoregressive (VAR) models‚ Structural macro econometric models and DSGE models - Dynamic stochastic general equilibrium. Methodologies: First‚ most participants use single-equation econometric methods that estimate
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