Chapter 1: Introduction 1.1: What is Language Development? Language is the communication of information through symbols arranged according to systematic rules. Speech and language are tools that humans use to share their feelings. Speech is talking‚ one way that a language can be expressed. In fact‚ language is a particular kind of system for encoding and decoding information.Language may also be expressed through writing or gestures in the case of people who have neurological disorders and may
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Ideas. Dutch lady is a big name in the market for fruit milk products .we came up with a new product for Dutch lady to be producing to the market which is Dutch lady ice cream with new flavours to give the company more profit . Screening Ideas Dutch lady has a reputation inside the market environment and creating a new product will be a challenge because the competitors will try to fail the new product but‚ dutch lady has a big number of consumer’ that will have the desire to try the dutch lady ice
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LANGUAGE PLANNING AND LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT Language is a typically human phenomenon. In moving from the ’natural being’ of animal existence to the ’cultural being’ of human existence‚ language plays the decisive role. Language gives a sense of identity to an individual as well as a social group and‚ in the process‚ creates multiple identities. The maintenance‚ merger‚ clash and change in identities based on and reflected in the language change has prompted linguists‚ philosophers‚ psychologists
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Language as a social phenomenon. To be able to interpret linguistic phenomena it is important to state‚ that language is a product of society. According to Rossi-Landi‚ human appears when he overcomes the aim of satisfying immediate needs‚ i.e. start producing behavior instead of responding. Human results from the labour of man himself [Rossi-Landi 1983‚ p. 35-37; 1975‚ p. 31-69]. Thus‚ language is a result of human activity. Language vs Speech Saussure also separated language from speech‚ which
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Accent The ways in which words are pronounced. There will usually be pat terns in the way that consonants are pronounced (or dropped) and t he way vowel sounds are made. Accent can also vary according to the region or social class of a speaker. Context  The situation or circumstances in which speech takes place. This will impact greatly on the speech encounter and the way that speakers will vary their speech according to the recipients and the environment.  Dialect The distinctive grammar
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Sociolinguistics Language Variation What is Sociolinguistics? What Factors Enter into Language Variation? • Language does not exist in a vacuum. • Since language is a social phenomenon it is natural to assume that the structure of a society has some impact on the language of the speakers of that society. • The study of this relationship and of other extralinguistic factors is the subfield of sociolinguistics. • We will look in this section at the ways in which languages vary internally
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The Story of Human Language Part I Professor John McWhorter THE TEACHING COMPANY ® John McWhorter‚ Ph.D. Senior Fellow in Public Policy‚ Manhattan Institute John McWhorter‚ Senior Fellow at the Manhattan Institute‚ earned his Ph.D. in linguistics from Stanford University in 1993 and became Associate Professor of Linguistics at UC Berkeley after teaching at Cornell University. His academic specialty is language change and language contact. He is the author of The Power of Babel: A
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1 India has about a billion people and a dozen major languages of its own. One language‚ and only one‚ is understood-by an elite-across the country: that of the foreigners who ruled it for less than 200 years and left 52 years ago. After 1947‚ English had to share its official status with north India’s Hindi and was due to lose it in 1965. It did not happen: Southern India said no. 2 Today‚ India. Tomorrow‚ unofficially‚ the world. [fhe spread of English] is well under way; at first‚ because the
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Sharon Goodman (1996) She states that we are living in a time of increased in-formalisation. Informal language used to be reserved for close personal relationships but this isn’t the simplicity anymore. Norman Fairclough agrees and calls it conversationalised language. David Crystal (2001) In his book on language and the internet Crystal refers to dialogic e-messaging which refers to immediate communication rather than traditional letters. This has changed
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European Economy Due to the voyages of exploration and the colonization in the Americas and all over the world‚ the European economy changed drastically from 1450 to 1700. In Spain inflation lead to economic problems‚ while in the Netherlands‚ the Dutch East India Company flourished their economy‚ and in all of Europe‚ the merchant class grew due to mercantilism. The increase of business and hauls of gold and silver lead to inflation in Spain. Inflation is the decline in the value of money‚ with
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