Hydroxide (NaOH) by titrating it with Hydrochloric Acid (HCl) and to identify any possible sources of error. A colour change from pink to yellow signified the end of each individual titre as the NaOH had been neutralised. Experimental: Method: Firstly two solutions were prepared to show the colour of the Phenol Red indicator in acid and alkaline conditions. These colours were then used to determine the end point of each titre. In the experiment 0.100M HCl (acid) was added‚ from a burette‚ to a solution
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Chemistry Coursework Rates of Reaction Investigation Introduction In this investigation I am going to be investigating the reaction between marble chips and hydrochloric acid‚ and to see what differences in the rate of this reaction arise when different concentrations of acid are used. Below is the word equation for this reaction: Calcium Carbonate + Hydrochloric Acid = Calcium Chloride + Carbon Dioxide + Water Below is the fully balanced chemical equation for this reaction. CaCo3 + HCl
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Enzymes are catalysts that increase the rate of chemical reactions organisms‚ allowing cells to break or build things instantly. The structure of an enzyme is essential to its function. Enzymes are proteins‚ made up of 100-1000 amino acids bonded together in chains. These chains are folded/coiled into a unique 3-D structure that allows them to bind to a reactant‚ called a substrate at an active site. Enzymes are flexible‚ and therefore can change it’s shape to better accommodate its substrate; this
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Standardization of hydrochloric acid by sodium carbonate Concentrated hydrochloric acid is roughly 11 M. Pour out into a measuring cylinder about 2 cm3 of concentrated hydrochloric acid. Transfer it to a 250 cm3 flask and make up to the mark with water. Shake well. Put some pure sodium hydrogen carbonate or anhydrous sodium carbonate into an evaporating dish and heat gently over a low flame for about fifteen minutes‚ stirring continuously. Take care not to heat the mass too strongly or fusion
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Enzyme Activity How does temperature affect enzyme activity? In this practical investigation‚ my aim is to discover how temperature will affect enzyme activity‚ by looking at the rate of reaction. I predict that the higher the temperature will be‚ the faster the reactions take place. However‚ I also think that there will be an optimum temperature‚ at which the reaction will work at its fastest; if the temperature goes beyond that‚ the reactions will stop altogether as the enzymes would have
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Acid Attack 4 women in their early 20s were attacked by a 41 year old mentally unstable woman. On September 18‚ 2017 there was an acid attack at the train station in Marseilles. ( Which is in southern France). The women that were attacked by acid are Courtney Siverling‚ Charlotte Kaufman‚ Kelsey Kosten‚ and Michelle Krug. The kind of acid that was used was hydrochloric acid. The hydrochloric acid was brought in a DIY store and was sprayed form a spray canister. They were attacked by a mentally
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An experiment to investigate the effect of temperature on the rate of reaction of the Enzyme Trypsin. Aim: This investigation was on the effect temperature has on the rate that the enzyme trypsin hydrolyses its substrate‚ a protein found in milk (casein). This investigation was conducted under controlled conditions‚ the temperature being the changeable variable. Trypsin and its substrate (powdered milk which is a source of the protein casein) were heated in a water bath. The contents of the two
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concentrations of HSO− ‚ SO2− ‚ and H+ in a 0.20 M KHSO4 solution? (Hint: 4 4 H2 SO4 is a strong acid; Ka = 1.3 × 10−2 for HSO− .) 4 2. [15 points] Calculate the pH of 1.00 L of the buffer 1.00 M CH3 COONa/1.00 M CH3 COOH (pKa = 4.74) before and after the addition of (a) 0.080 moles NaOH and (b) 0.12 moles HCl. (Assume there is no change in volume). 3. [10 points] The following reaction is found to be first order in A: A −→ B + C If half of the starting quantity of A is used up after
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LABORATORY 3 The Effect of Temperature on the Rate of PNPP Hydrolysis Partners: Shelby Cruickshanks Alexis Williamson Introduction Most of the chemical reactions‚ which occur throughout our bodies‚ would proceed at a much slower rate of reaction without the presence of an enzyme. Cells can not wait for centuries for molecules to break down‚ if they waited for that‚ there would be no way for the organism to obtain energy or in turn survive. This is where biological catalyst comes into
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Any strong acid will release approximately - 57 kJ/mol of energy on neutralisation with strong base. This energy release is due to the formation of water molecules from the H+ ions from the acid reacting with the OH- ions from the base. H+(aq) + OH-(aq) H2O(l) When a weak acid is neutralised some of the energy is needed to dissociate the molecules to make the hydrogen ions available for neutralisation. The result is a value for neutralisation enthalpy lower than - 57 kJ/mol (numerically
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