Ligands: Examining the effects of pharmaceutical compounds on Daphnia magna physiology Abstract The following study was conducted in order to determine the effects of four different pharmaceutical compounds on the heart rate of Daphnia specimens. After basal heart rate was observed and computed‚ four different solutions each containing either an adrenergic‚ muscarinic‚ or nicotinic agonist or antagonist was tested against individual Daphnia. Observations were made through a compound light microscope
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temperature 32oC. Once the temperature was beyond the optimal level‚ the rate began to decline and this was represented by the concave curve on figure 5 and 7. This was because as the temperature increases‚ the frequency of collisions between the enzyme and the substrate also increased hence faster reaction rate. Whereas‚ the enzymes operated slowly at low temperature as there wasn’t sufficient energy for the substrates to move at a fast rate‚ hence decreased the number of collisions with the enzymes. However
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Biology Investigation Problem: How does light affect the rate of Photosynthesis? The Plan In my experiment I am going to see how light affects the rate of photosynthesis. To do this experiment I am going to set up the apparatus as shown in figure 1. The apparatus I am going to use are the following: - 1 Tripod 1 300ml Beaker 1 Boiling Tube 1 Clamp Stand 1Clamp 1 Boss 1 Ring Binder 1 Lamp 1 1 Metre Ruler 1 Thermometer 1 Stop Clock To do the experiment I will set up the apparatus first. I
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Caffeine in the diet Email this page to a friend Bookmark & Share Printer-friendly version Caffeine is a substance that is found in certain plants. It can also be man-made (produced synthetically) and then added to food products. It is a central nervous system stimulant and a diuretic (substance that helps rid your body of fluids). Function Caffeine is absorbed and passes quickly into the brain. It does not collect in the bloodstream or get stored in the body. It leaves the body in
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your blood is higher than what is believed to be healthy‚ it considers as a serious condition that increases the risk of cardiovascular disease. The higher your blood cholesterol level‚ the greater your risk of cardiac arrest. How does a high cholesterol affect Your Heart? When your level of cholesterol in your body is high‚ the excess oily stuff will stick to the walls of your arteries. Over time‚ this excess can create a fatty
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Does caffeine affect the heart rate of Daphnia? Introduction In this experiment I aim to find out if caffeine has an affect on heart rate. Instead of using human subject‚ whom may already have a high tolerance to caffeine or could have ingested caffeine that day making the tests unfair‚ I will use Daphnia‚ a crustacean. They have on contact with caffeine making it fair. It will be easier to observe as it has a translucent body‚ making it able to see the heart beating under a microscope. It will
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reactants. The reaction rate is slower when the reactants are large and complex molecules because it takes longer for the molecules to combine together creating a chemical reaction. More than 2000 years ago‚ Democritus‚ who was a philosopher from Greece suggested that matter is made up of tiny particles too small to be seen. He thought that if you kept cutting a substance into smaller and smaller pieces‚ you would eventually come to the smallest possible particles. The rate of a chemical reaction
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Daphnia Experiment Report 1. Introduction Caffeine is found in many plant species‚ where it acts as a natural pesticide. It is found most commonly in cocoa‚ tea and coffee‚ but is also artificially added to some soft drinks such as cola to act as a flavour enhancer. When consumed by humans‚ caffeine works as a stimulant causing amounts of released neurotransmitters to be increased. High use of caffeine has been related with raised blood pressure‚ restlessness‚ insomnia and anxiety which‚ in
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The effects toxins such as caffeine‚ nicotine‚ epinephrine‚ ethanol and salt have on the Daphnia magna’s heart rate Results The effect the various drugs caffeine‚ nicotine and epinephrine had on the Daphnia magna is displayed in Figure 1. After three sample trials were taken there was an average of 180 beats/min-1 ± 6.928 taken under normal conditions. The addition of caffeine caused an increase in the average heartbeat to change to 192 beats/min-1 ± 9.165 in the Daphnia magna tested. When testing
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Effects of Alcohol‚ Caffeine‚ and Temperature on the Heart Rate of Daphnia magna Joseph Ezra Gallo BY124L MW 8:30-11:30 Introduction Ectothermic animals are animals whose body temperature is affected by their surroundings. This means that if the environment is cold the animal will be cold. If the environment is warm the animal will be warm. This is because the animal doesn’t have the capability of regulating its body systems to keep a constant body temperature. When an ectothermic animal is
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