Biology Review and Study Guide Cell Division and Cancer Cells divide for two main reasons: first‚ the larger a cell becomes‚ the more demands the cell has on its DNA. Second‚ a large cell has more trouble moving enough food in and enough waste out. Before it becomes too large‚ a growing cell divides. The two new cells are referred to as daughter cells. The process by which a cell divides into two cells is called cell division. Mitosis is part of the eukaryotic cell cycle during which the
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Seniors’ Tuition And Mentorship Program (Semester 2‚ 2014) Year 2 2.24: DNA notes Central Dogma of Molecular Biology DNA -DNA is better known as deoxyribonucleic acid -It is made up of small subunits known as nucleotides. -These nucleotides are further made up of a phosphate group‚ a deoxyribose sugar and a nitrogenous base. -DNA usually exists as a double-helix structure that is made up of 2 polynucleotide strands that run antiparallel to each other -These two polynucleotide strands are held
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structure and replication of retroviruses. A retrovirus is a virus that has its genes encoded in RNA instead of them being encoded in DNA (it is also known as the RNA virus). Because of this‚ a retrovirus has to have its genes reverse transcribed into DNA before replication. This is carried out by an enzyme called reverse transcriptase. The retro virus upon infecting the host with its DNA can use the host cell’s machinery to replicate. The host cell cannot tell the retrovirus’s DNA from its own
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Biochemistry Task 208.5.1 DNA‚ RNA‚ and the Roles Played by Ligase and RNA Polymerase Cathy Watson‚ RN Student ID #000571523 September 17‚ 2016 Welcome Medical Paraprofessionals Of the Community Health Center Stem cell research has been taking place since the late 1800’s when scientists from all over the world studied stem cells in plants‚ rodents‚ and humans in order to propagate and find cures for disease. (Boston Children’s Hospital‚ 2016). When looking at DNA replication‚ it can be very confusing
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molecule (DNA) the chemical basis of heredity Organized into genes units of DNA that encodes a protein or DNA Central Dogma of Molecular Biology Gene Expression & DNA Replication “The genetic information stored in the nucleotide sequence of DNA serves two purposes.” Source of information for synthesis of protein molecules of the cell GENE EXPRESSION Provides information inherited by daughter cells or offsprings DNA REPLICATION Gene Expression vs DNA Replication GENE EXPRESSION
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genetic material of the cell (DNA) - directs the chemical reactions in cells by transcribing genetic information from DNA into RNA (called DNA replication) - DNA replication allows cells to transfer information from one cell to the next during replication. - Nuclear envelope is the gateway to the cell (also known as nuclear pores)and allows substances (such as vital proteins) to enter and exit the nucleus Chromatin - super microscopic - composed of DNA (looped around histone proteins)
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choice questions or short answer questions: once you have answered‚ provide a short explanation of your reasoning. ANSWERS CAN BE FOUND IN THE LECTURES. NO ANSWERS WILL BE POSTED. Unit 1-1: DNA and RNA Structures What are the main differences between DNA and RNA? The fact that some viruses use DNA to direct their heredity was demonstrated by: a. Finding radioactive sulfur from a bacteriophage in a bacterium b. Finding radioactive phosphorus from a bacterium in a bacteriophage c. Finding
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Long and thin for replication and decoding Become short and fat prior mitosis → easier to separate due to compact form Meiosis (reduction division) During the production of sex cells (gametes) in animals In spore formation which precedes gamete production in plants Haploid gametes (sperm ovum) - sexual reproduction DNA in a cell replicates only once‚ but cell divides twice The Cell Cycle Interphase G1: Protein synthesis and growth (10 hours) Preparation for DNA replication (e.g. growths of
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inheritance. It states that DNA makes RNA‚ which makes protein. Genes control the traits by controlling which proteins are made. The process of Central Dogma of Molecular Biology is when DNA transcripts into RNA and then translates into protein. Transcription is the transfer of genetic information from DNA forming into RNA. The differences between DNA and RNA are the sugar that’s in DNA which is called deoxyribose and ribose for RNA which does not have sugar. When DNA replication begins‚ it begins at
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Activity 16.1 Is the Hereditary Material DNA or Protein? Accumulating and Analyzing the Evidence Build a concept map to review the evidence used to determine that DNA was the genetic material‚ the structure of DNA‚ and its mode of replicaton. Keep in mind that there are many ways to construct a concept map. First‚ develop a separate concept map for each set of terms (A to F on the next page). Begin by writing each term on a separate Post-it note or sheet of paper. Then organize each set of terms
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