Alcohol and Teens From pastures to unsupervised blowouts at home‚ the social calendars of most teens are full of alcohol. Other drugs rise and fall in popularity from generation to generation‚ but alcohol never really goes out of style. From being worshiped by the ancient Babylonians to being forbidden to teenagers‚ alcohol has caused many problems. Today‚ drinking is the drug of choice by teens and causes most wrecks and deaths today. To understand alcohol people must first know the history
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Distillation Objective: To illustrate the use of distillation for separating a mixture of two volatile liquids with different boiling points. Background: Distillation consists of heating a liquid until it vaporizes‚ and then condensing the vapor and collecting it in a separate container. Distillation is used to separate mixtures of liquids that either have different boiling points‚ or that have one component that does not distill. There are many types of distillation‚ each of which has a distinct
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Chapters 2.8-2.10: alcohols‚ halogenoalkanes‚ mechanisms and spectra Consolidation questions 1. Give the names of the two primary alcohols with the molecular formula C4H10O. butan-1-ol 2-methyl propan-1-ol 2. Write the equation‚ using state symbols‚ for the reaction of ethanol with sodium. CH3CH2OH(l) + Na(s) CH3CH2O-Na+(alc) + ½ H2(g) 3. Name the organic product above. Sodium ethoxide 4. Give the names and structural formulae for the two possible products
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EXPERIMENT 2: BATCH DISTILLATION AT CONSTANT REFLUX OBJECTIVE: To operate a batch distillation unit at constant reflux. To examine the change in top and bottom composition over time in a batch distillation. PROCEDURES: 1. Perform the general start-up procedures (Section 4). Refer appendix 1. 2. Record initial volume and refractive index of the liquid mixture in the reboiler. 3. Set the heater power to 1.5kW. 4. Set reflux timer to 10 second for set 1 and 30 second for set 2. ( Note: Set 1:
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One major observation made throughout this experiment was during the steam distillation. As the steam distillation started and the solution in the flask began heating‚ it was clear that too much stopcock grease was used around the glassware. The grease from the connecting ends of the three way connecting tube was melting and seeping into the clove and water solution in the two necked round bottom flask. The solution in the flask was immediately discarded and repeated with clean glassware and a very
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Organic Lab 1: Fractional Distillation Discussion: With the purpose of the experiment being to identify the 30 mL of unknown liquid‚ the theoretical basis of simple and fractional distillation must be deconstructed and applied to the data obtained describing the liquid in question. Simple distillation is a separation technique which can be used to separate and purify distillates from a liquid mixture which ideally contains one volatile and one non-volatile compound. If such ideal conditions are
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removing the –OH group on 4-methylcyclohexanol via dehydration and to have a double bond form via a loss of a hydrogen on a β-Carbon. Many techniques and skills were developed in this lab. Among them were dehydration‚ isolation‚ drying‚ and distillation. We used all of these techniques to get the product we were looking for. In addition to these experimental techniques we also verified our product via spectroscopy which is a new technique. Using IR spectroscopy we were able to specifically
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Simple Distillation Objective The purpose of doing this experiment is to separate two miscible liquids samples of cyclohexane and toluene using simple distillation. The objectives will be to record boiling range and volumes (mL) of distillates that are attained during the process of distillation. Background Distillation is a frequently used technique for separating mixtures based on differences in the boiling points of components in the mixture. The product obtained by distillation‚ is termed
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Formation of an Alkene by Alcohol Dehydration Lab Report Balanced Chemical Equation for the Main Reaction Mechanism The acid-catalyzed dehydration of secondary and tertiary alcohols involves non-isolable carbocation intermediaries. In the first step of the of the reaction mechanism below‚ a phosphoric acid catalyst adds a proton to the oxygen atom of the alcohol to form an oxonium ion. The OH is converted to a better leaving group as the positive charge on the oxygen weakens the carbon-oxygen
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Conversion of Alcohols to Alkyl Halides Title: Conversion of Alcohols to Alkyl Halides Abstract: In this experiment the conversion of alcohols to alkyl halides are investigated through reflux and simple distillation. These are common procedures used to separate substances. After the reflux and distillation is complete 13C NMR and IR spectrum is used to identify the product or products for each reaction: 1a‚ 1b‚ and 2. Every individual in the group was assigned either 1a (1-propanol) or 1b (2-pentanol)
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