Discuss the role of endogenous pacemakers and exogenous zeitgebers in biological rhythms A rhythm is something that is regularly repeated e.g. eating several times a day. These rhythms are repeated over different intervals and they are governed by both internal (endogenous) and external (exogenous) factors. An endogenous pacemaker is something internal that sets the rhythm‚ and an exogenous zeitgeber is something external that affects / sets the rhythm e.g. light. A biological rhythm that
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Discuss the role of endogenous pacemakers in the control of circadian rhythms [AO1 8 marks‚ AO2 16 marks] An endogenous pacemaker is an internal biological clock that controls the way in which many of our biological rhythms behave. Many of these rhythms run on a 24 hour basis‚ such as the sleep/wake cycle‚ bodily temperatures and some of our hormones. The main endogenous pacemaker in mammals is the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN)‚ which is located in the hypothalamus. It receives information
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Discuss the role of endogenous pacemakers and exogenous zeitgebers in the circadian rhythm. 24 Markers Circadian rhythm is rhythms that last 24 hours‚ one day. An example of a Circadian Rhythm is the sleep-wake cycle. Because this rhythm occurs daily‚ it is tempting to automatically assume that the factors which control it are exogenous zeitgebers‚ such as natural light patterns‚ TV‚ radio‚ birdsong‚ Research however has gone into this to find out what exactly controls the circadian rhythms.
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Discuss the role of endogenous pacemakers and exogenous zeitgebers in the sleep-wake cycle and at least one other biological rhythm Endogenous pacemakers and exogenous zeitgebers can manipulate the various bodily rhythms‚ and have particular affects on the sleep / week cycle in the circadian rhythm. Endogenous pacemakers are separate and distinct internal rhythms that affect the bodily rhythms; similarly‚ exogenous zeitgebers are outside influences‚ and sometimes outside rhythms that also affect
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Discuss the influence of endogenous pacemaker and exogenous zeitgebers on one or more biological rhythms (24 Marks) Introduction This essay will outline and evaluate the role that endogenous pacemakers (ep’s) or internal clocks have on our biological cycles. It will also consider exogenous zeitgebers (ez’s) or external timekeepers. The two cycles to be considered are circadian and ultradian. AO1 Psychologists believe that the circadian rhythm (sleep/wake) is controlled by an
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Outline and evaluate the role of endogenous pacemakers and of exogenous zeitgebers in the control of circadian rhythms (8+16) Circadian rhythms are biological rhythms that occur every 24 hours‚ an example of a circadian rhythm is the sleep-wake cycle‚ another circadian rhythm is body temperature which is at its lowest at around 36 degrees at night and it peaks in the morning at 38 degrees. Endogenous pacemakers are internal body ’clocks’ that will modulate biological rhythms‚ the SCN is an example
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and evaluate research into one or more biological rhythms” [research = theories and studies] There are three main biological rhythms‚ which are called infradian‚ circadian and ultradian. Ultradian rhythms occur multiple times in one day. Circadian rhythms are cycles‚ which occur once a day‚ so within the 24 hours such as the sleep-wake cycle. Infradian rhythms are less frequent once in a day such as the menstrual cycle or hibernation. The research into these rhythms offers an insight into how
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Discuss the disruption of biological rhythms 24m One example of disruption of biological rhythms is due to shift work and shift lag. This disrupts your sleeping pattern because it means you are required to be alert at night‚ so need to sleep during the day. This reverses and disrupts your circadian rhythm‚ becoming desynchronised where it is no longer entrained by EZ’s. There are many consequences of desynchronisation such as sleep deprivation. Shift workers find it hard to sleep during the day
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There are 3 biological rhythms in the body. Circadian‚ which is our body clock which works to a 24-hour cycle and regulates our bodies biochemical‚ physiological and behavioural processes. Ultradian processes‚ which are smaller processes that happen inside our 24-hour circadian cycle. These Ultradian cycles are the sleep stages lasting 90-120 minutes‚ however some other ultradian cycles include hormone release‚ heart rate‚ nostril dilation and appetite. Lastly there is Infradian which are outside
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Mini - assignments for biological rhythms 1. Outline what we mean by an endogenous pacemaker (3) Endogenous rhythms are rhythms that aren’t imposed by the environment but generated from within the organism. Since many of our biological cycles follow an approximation 24-hour rhythm‚ even in the absence of external stimuli‚ it follows that there must be some kind of internal biological clock. 2. What is the name given to external events that play a role in rhythmic activities? Give
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