Discuss Institutional Aggression between groups as an explanation for Aggressive Acts (16) Institutions may refer to a part of society‚ which is based on ethnicity‚ religion or some other significant feature. Violence tends to occur when one institution relationship with another is characterised by hatred and hostility. For example‚ the murder of millions of Jews during the World War 2 was due to the Hitler’s hatred towards all Jews. There identity’s were stripped completely and were not
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Discuss evolutionary explanations of the functions of sleep. Evolutionary explanation of sleep suggests there four mains reasons for it‚ energy conservation‚ foraging requirements‚ predator avoidance and to waste time. The evolutionary approach has also been called the ecological approach. It is called ‘ecological’ because it is based on observations of animals in their natural environment. Energy conservation is the theory that warm blooded animals need to expend a lot of energy to maintain a
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There are several different explanations for the disorder schizophrenia. One of these explanations is the biological model. This model explains schizophrenia through biological faults‚ for example viral infections and brain abnormalities. Genetic Factors Some psychologists say that schizophrenia can be passed down generations‚ meaning that some people inherit the disorder from their parents. Twin research has consistently shown that identical twins have a greater risk of developing schizophrenia
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Discuss evolutionary explanations of human aggression One evolutionary explanation of human aggression is sexual jealousy. Infidelity triggers sexual jealousy which is an evolved adaptive response to infidelity. Men have developed many strategies from vigilance to violence to stop their partner committing adultery. Men never know for certain that the baby is theirs and could be investing in another man’s baby. In a questionnaire‚ if women reported that their partner did not like them talking to
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Discuss Psychological Explanations of Schizophrenia [8+16] AO1: The cognitive approach acknowledges the role of biological factors. Frith 92 found a disconnection between frontal areas of the brain concerned with action and the posterior areas of the brain that control perception‚ explaining auditory hallucinations. This causes a split from reality where sz are unable to distinguish between actions brought by external forces and those generated internally this then causes the positive symptoms of
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The five multi-level perspectives of Heifetz as it relates to adaptive leadership are: 1.) purpose and possibility which involves diagnosing the situation considering the values at stake‚ and unbundling the issues involved; 2.) diagnosing the system in which the adaptive leader takes to the balcony to gain an understanding of the organization’s culture‚ structures‚ and ways of thinking; 3.) mobilizing the system in which the leader identifies the issues that engage the most attention to finding
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Discuss explanations of institutional aggression. (24 marks) Institutional aggression is any violent behaviour that exists within certain institutions. The aggression may be a defining feature of the group‚ for example the army or the police. Or it may just be a readily acceptable ‘normal’ behaviour e.g. the events that took place in Abu Grahib Prison in Iraq. There are two main explanations of institutional aggression; dispositional factors and situational factors. Dispositional factors can be
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Adaptive memory is the study of memory systems that have evolved to help retain survival- and fitness-related information. A very important element of adaptive memory research is the notion that memory evolved to help survival by better retaining information that is fitness-relevant (Nairne et al.‚ 2007). The first study on the subject of adaptive memory was structured by Nairne et al. (2007) and its methodology has been replicated many times since. Participants were told to imagine themselves in
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Adaptive Radiation An example of adaptive radiation occurring after a mass extinction is the extinction that killed off the dinosaurs. What caused this mass extinction was when a massive comet hit earth‚ off the Yucatan Peninsula. However‚ the mammals that survived this catastrophic event for the most part‚ survived because they could burrow in holes for shelter. Regardless‚ about 90% of all life on earth was destroyed. This led to an opportunity for the surviving plants and animals to disperse
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Discuss issues of reliability and validity associated with the classification and diagnosis of phobic disorders (24 marks) The biological explanation for the acquisition of phobic disorders establishes that phobias are caused by genetics‚ innate influences and the principles of biochemistry. This theory recognizes that an oversensitive fear response may be inherited‚ causing abnormal levels of anxiety. This is illustrated in the basis of inheritance‚ particularly the adrenergic theory that convicts
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