a chemical reaction will occur spontaneously or non-spontaneously is an important aspect of thermodynamics. Spontaneity is determined from free energy‚ or Gibbs free energy. The equation (1) gives the relationship of how entropy (∆S) and enthalpy (∆H) along with temperature affects the amount of free energy‚ and henceforth the spontaneity. A spontaneous process may be quick or slow‚ and it is only affected by temperature and energy‚ therefore it is not related to kinetics or reaction rate. equation
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determine whether or not a chemical reaction occurred after the mixing of various chemicals. The evolution of a gas‚ the formation of precipitation‚ and the change of temperature or color are all indicative of a chemical reaction. It was assumed that a reaction did not take place if the mixture of chemicals exhibited none of these characteristics. Several precipitation‚ complex-ion formation‚ redox‚ and acid-base reactions were performed. Redox: Decomposition Reactions In a 13 x 100 mm test tube‚ 2 mL
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concentration of a species can affect reaction rate in the determination of rate law and rate constant. 2. To determine how temperature affects reaction rate. Introduction Chemical kinetics deals with the speed‚ or rate‚ of a reaction and the mechanism by which the reaction occurs. We can think of the rate as the number of events per unit time. The rate at which you drive (your speed) is the number of miles you drive in an hour (mi/hr). For a chemical reaction the rate is the number of moles that
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Replacement Reactions (Data and Calculations) Objective: Classify the chemical reaction through observation‚ which each reagent produce when mixed with another reagent. After careful observation‚ be able to prove each observation using the net ionic equation. Background: First‚ a double-replacement reaction is when two cations in different compound switch anions‚ AX + BZ → BY. If either compounds are insoluble a precipitate occurs‚ and if there is no precipitate formed there is no reaction. Also‚
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Determining the Properties of Different Acids and Bases Yamin Liu November 16th‚ 2017 Chemistry 1021 Section: 427 Benton Smith Discussion of Results The goals of this experiment were to find the identities of four unknown compounds and to first determine the pH. We then were required to run a series of anion and cation tests to determine the composition of the unknown solutions. To get more knowledge about these solutions we ran a series of dilutions to see if
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NEUTRALIZATION TEST FOR VIRUS Neutralization of a virus is defined as the loss of infectivity through reaction of the virus with specific antibody. Virus and serum are mixed under appropriate condition and then inoculated into cell culture‚ eggs or animals. The presence of unneutralized virus may be detected by reactions such as CPE‚ haemadsorption/haemagglutination‚ plaque formation‚ disease in animals. The loss of infectivity is bought about by interference by the bound Ab with any one of the
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Title: Stoichiometry Reaction Objectives: 1. To decompose sodium hydrogen carbonate (sodium bicarbonate) by heating. 2. To accurately measure the degree of completion of the reaction by analysing the solid sodium carbonate product. 3. To calculate amount of product with given amount of reactant. 4. To determine amount of heat release in the reaction. Results: Part 1: Thermal Decomposition of NaHCO3 Materials Mass (g) Clean and dry test tube 15.1632 Clean test tube + NaHCO3 17.1647
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I. Title: Reaction of Metals II. Problem: The purpose of the experiment was to determine if and how different metals react to different solutions. III. Hypothesis: IV. Materials: Dropper‚ Beakers‚ wax pencil‚ Goggles‚ eight test tubes‚ a rack for the tubes‚ three strips of Zinc‚ two strips of Copper‚ three strips of Magnesium‚ steel wool‚ Lead nitrate‚ Silver nitrate‚ Copper sulfate‚ Magnesium chloride‚ Zinc chloride‚ Sodium chloride‚ and Potassium. V. Procedure: In tube 1 add five
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Riley Jefferson Block 7/8 October 8th 2012 Electrostatic Gedanken Lab Group Gamma Objective: The objective of this lab is to determine the charge on a pith ball. Hypothesis: I fully believe that the charge of the pith ball will be positive. The formula I will use to prove this is Coulomb’s Law‚ (Fe=(k*q1*q2) / r²). ‘Fe’ is equal to the electrostatic force between the spheres‚ measured in Newton’s. It is also a vector quantity‚ and it’s in absolute value. Secondly‚ ‘k’ is equal to Coulomb’s
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Abstract In the Lab Determining the Empirical Formula of Magnesium Oxide‚ students set out to find if there is a true 1:1 ratio in the empirical formula of MgO. This was determined by burning the Magnesium until a white smoke started to protrude. This showed the reaction of Oxygen combining with Magnesium to form Magnesium Oxide. This was then measured again and turned out to be slightly heavier than the measurement before. This added weight is Oxygen‚ forming the combustion of Magnesium Oxide.
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