Copper and Zinc Composition Percentages in Pennies Introduction. The United States Mint sends copper and zinc to a fabricator‚ which creates coin-sized discs called planchets. The planchets undergo the coining press at the Mint where they are stamped as genuine United States legal tender coins. The purpose of this experiment is to determine the accuracy of the copper and zinc composition percentages in a random sampling of pennies. The penny was dissolved to make aqueous copper ions and four copper
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Introduction/Theoretical Background: A common task in chemistry is the determination of a substance present in a product. If the product contains a substance that can be oxidized‚ then it is possible to determine the number of moles of that substance by titrating the sample with a solution of a strong oxidizing agent. In this lab‚ a solution of KMnO4‚ an oxidizing agent‚ will be standardized by titration with a solution containing a known concentration of iron (II) ions‚ (Fe+). The concentration
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1. Mechanism of oxidation process In an oxidation process of silicon that usually takes place at very high temperature (thermal oxidation)‚ silicon (Si) reacts with either water vapor (H20) or oxygen (O2) to form silicon dioxide‚SiO2 on the silicon surface. The reaction is represented by following equations: Dry oxidation: Si + O2 → SiO2 Wet oxidation: Si + 2H2O → SiO2 + 2H2 The oxidation process can be implemented through diffusion
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A Penny Saved Is Two Pennies Wasted The United States of America‚ despite its relatively short life‚ is immersed in tradition. While some of these traditions are well-known and apparent‚ others are less obvious. The penny‚ our little copper one-cent piece littering change jars from coast to coast‚ is a tradition that‚ while seemingly harmless‚ is a great burden to our country. Due to the lost profits in the creation of today’s one-cent piece and using the models of previous successful countries
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Oxidation of Cyclohexanol Introduction: The oxidation of cyclohexanol involves using household bleach to oxidize this secondary alcohol and produce a ketone product‚ cyclohexanone. Oxidation-reduction (redox) reactions occur when the oxidation state of atoms change due to a transfer of electrons. Oxidation occurs when electrons are ‘lost’ to the formation of bonds and reduction occurs when electrons are ‘gained’ in the braking of bonds (Levine). Using this reaction and its product‚ a redox experiment
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OIXDATION(AND(REDUCTION(–(REDOX(CHEM(1( ( KEY(REDOX(CONCEPTS( •! Oxidation)and)reduction)are)electron(transfer(processes)(reactions).)) o! Oxidation(–(Loss)of)electrons)) !! Reductant((reducing)agent))–)undergoes)oxidation.)) o! Reduction(–(Gain)of)electrons)) !! Oxidant((oxidising)agent))–)undergoes)reduction.)) ! Example:(((((((((((Mg(s)(+(2H+(aq)( (Mg2+(aq)(+(H2(g)( o! This!reaction!can!be!broken!up!into!two!halfEreactions(( !! Oxidation:)Mg(s))")Mg2+)+)2e:)(lost)electrons))( !! Reduction:)2H+)+)2e:)")H2)(gained)electrons))(
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STK 1084 Inorganic Chemistry I‚ LU 3 Oxidation – Reduction Reactions‚ Prepared By: Dr. Tay Meng Guan‚ Faculty of Resource Science and Technology‚ Universiti Malaysia Sarawak. LU 3 Oxidation and Reduction Reactions 3.1 Ideas of Oxidation and Reduction Oxidation of an atom can be occurred in the following conditions: 1. Losing an electron from the orbitals. e.g.: A A+ + e- 2. Adding an electronegative element (e.g.: F‚ Cl‚ Br‚ O) to a molecule. e.g.: A + F AF 3. Losing hydrogen
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April 10‚ 2013 The Penny The use of pennies is steadily declining. Most people don’t even keep track of the amount of coins they have‚ so it’s more than likely that they’ll think it’s useless‚ and dispose of it. People would throw away the pennies they have‚ without a second glance. Bit if we all save up our loose change‚ there’s a chance we’d be able to save up to hundreds‚ or possibly even millions of pennies. Pennies are valuable to some people‚ for example‚ coin manufactures (Source
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TITLE: Determination of Riboflavin by using UV-Vis spectrophotometry. ABSTRACT: The amount of Riboflavin in various brand of children multivitamins was determine by using UV-Vis spectroscopy instrument‚ the series of standard of riboflavin was prepared in order to determine the amount of the riboflavin in the sample of children multivitamins. The maximum amount of riboflavin was found in the Champs multivitamin that contains 0.1155 mg followed by Chewies 0.1131 mg and Scott’s 0.0672 mg. OBJECTIVES:
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OXIDATION AND REDUCTION Oxygen makes up only about 20% of the air‚ yet is the essential component for so many reactions. Without it fuels would not burn‚ iron would not rust and we would be unable to obtain energy from our food molecules through respiration. Indeed animal life on the planet did not evolve until a certain concentration of oxygen had built up in the atmosphere over 600 million years ago. The term oxidation has been in use for a long time to describe these and other reactions where
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