1. Physical Layer. Is the physical connection between the sender and the receiver. It includes all the hardware devices (computers‚ modems‚ and hubs) and physical media (cables and satellites). This layer specifies the type of connection and the electrical signals‚ radio waves‚ or light pulses that pass through it. 2. Data Link Layer. Is responsible for moving a message from one computer to the next computer in the network path from the sender to the receiver. This layer has 3 functions: a
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Role of the Physical Layer‚ Data Link Layer and Network layer for the in Network Transmissions for DotCom The Role of the Physical Layer‚ Data Link Layer and Network layer for the in Network Transmissions for DotCom As the Network Manager of NotCom‚ my goal is to plan and implement the corporate network services strategy that is the best fit for the future needs of the organization as the growth from 20 to 150 employees is realized. To reiterate‚ all employees have PCs that are a part
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Chapter 2 Network Models Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies‚ Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Chapter 2: Outline 2.1 Protocol Layering 2.2 TCP/IP Protocol Suite 2.3 OSI Model 1.# 1 Chapter 2: Objective The first section introduces the concept of protocol layering using two scenarios. The section also discusses the two principles upon which the protocol layering is based. The first principle dictates that each layer needs to have two opposite tasks
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Five-Layer Density Column A density column consists of layers of liquids of different densities which do not mix with each other‚ and which are clearly distinguishable from each other. The highest density material is at the bottom of the column‚ and as you proceed up the column‚ the density of each successive layer decreases‚ with the lowest density layer on top. Three methods for construction of a five-layer density column are discussed in this write-up. All methods use the same five liquids. •
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Network Security at OSI Layers Muhammad Muzammil Syed Zeeshan Nasir Department of computer science FUUAST‚ Islamabad 1-OSI Model: In 1983‚ the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and the International Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Committee (CCITT) merged documents and developed the OSI model‚ which is based on a specific hierarchy where each layer builds on the output of each adjacent layer. The OSI model is a protocol stack where the lower layers deal primarily
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the same title. _F___ 2. RFC 3300 describes how an RFC is created and what processes it must go through to become an official standard‚ adopted by the IETF. __T__ 3. A divide and conquer approach permits concerns related to networking hardware to be completely separated from those related to networking software. ___T_ 4. PDUs typically include “envelope information” in the form of specific headers and trailers. __F__ 5. The Session layer is equipped to request retransmission of
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1 IS 450/650‚ Fall 2013‚ Computer Networks and the Internet Today: • Roster • Syllabus Overview (Syllabus on Blackboard) • Chapter 1 Announcements & Reminders: • 450-1 Homework 1 Due Tuesday 9/17 at 23:59. • 450-1 (TR) Test 1 Tuesday 10/1 • 450-1 (TR) Test 2 Thursday 11/7 • 450-1 (TR) Final Exam Thursday 12/19 8-10 a.m. • Suggestion: start homeworks early and send e-mail if you get stuck. Cell phones & laptops off. Reminder: if printing the notes‚ consider printing 4-up (4 pages
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Unit 4 Assignment 1: Computer Basics Review Chapter 4 Review Activities Questions Answers 1. You have created a simple electrical circuit with a battery‚ wires‚ and a light bulb. Which of the following is true about this circuit? (Choose two answers) B. The battery’s positive lead pulls current toward that lead. C. The circuit creates a direct current 2. A PC NIC and a switch port create one electrical circuit to use when sending data. The sender creates a (maximum) 1-volt electrical signal
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A Glance at the Session Layer of the OSI Model Throughout the history of networking‚ one model has stood the test of time for providing not only insight‚ but also a foundation by which all networking systems utilize in some form or fashion. The seven layers of the OSI model‚ which stands for Open System Interconnect‚ are: Application‚ Presentation‚ Session‚ Transport‚ Network‚ Data link‚ and Physical. These layers are the framework for networking‚ because they represent the roadmap‚ rules‚ and
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Q1-1) Identify the five components of a data communications system. 1.Message. 2.Sender 3.Receiver. 4.Transmission medium. 5.Protocol. Q1-11) Why are protocols needed? To achieve end-to-end delivery of data. Q-17) Explain the difference between an Internet draft and a proposed standard? - An Internet draft is a working document (a work inprogress) with no official status and a six- month lifetime. - A proposed standard is elevated to draft standard
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