Why Has IPO Underpricing Changed Over Time? Tim Loughran and Jay Ritter* lu the l9SOs. the average first-day rcliirn on inilial public offerings (IPOs) was 7%‚ The average firsl-day return doubled to almost I5 ’ ’ ’i during 1990-1998. before jumping to 65% during Ihe internet bubble years of 1999-2000 and then reverting la / i % during 2001-2003. We attribute much of the higher underpricing during the bubble period to a changing issuer objective function. We argue that in the later periods there
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Liza Silva Professor Pietruska ENL 102-47 February 10th 2014 Audience: Professor and fellow students of the English 102 course Purpose: To explain how I became literate in my lifetime and what contributed to my literacy level today 1‚357 Words Benefits of Being a Bookworm Have you ever been asked‚ “What is your first language?” Living in such a melting pot of a country‚ the United States‚ minorities often get asked this question. Usually when people ask others this question‚ it is not because
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Slavery‚ from the eighteenth century‚ has changed drastically to the present time. The main change I have researched is treatment‚ which is what I am doing my paper over. When slaves were brought to Jamestown the had no knowledge of their own birthday or background. The masters kept it that way‚ and gave them no sense of knowledge making sure they would stay “dumb”. In parts of the colonies it was made sure that the children were separated from their parents at a young age. Frederick Douglass was
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would like to pose a question to all of you - What would literacy mean here—matriculates‚ graduates‚ PhDs? Who decides? I would also like to ask the audience at large the difference between ‘literacy’ and ‘education’. To answer this- Literacy merely implies ability to read and write whereas education is enhancing one’s ability to reason‚ make informed choices and sound judgement. It is a statistical fact that for elections at all levels‚ a certain the segment of the voting population which has
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Frank Longueira May 3‚ 2009 A.P. World History Post-Classical Essay Period 7 Change Over Time Post-Classical Era (500-1450) The Post-Classical Era was an era filled with change‚ continuity‚ and development. East Asia was a very prominent part of the world during this era. East Asia illustrated many major political‚ social‚ economic‚ and religious changes and displayed consistent continuity along with many interactions with other lands during 500 C.E. – 1450 C.E. Between 500 C.E. – 1450 C.E.
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Bretagne is found along France’s northern shore. Bretagne is also called Brittany and sometimes referred to as little Britain. It is a land of enchantment and wonders. It features rugged coastlines with some of the world’s most breathtaking views. It features more than 4‚000 castles and medieval homes. It’s an ideal destination for water sports enthusiasts‚ lovers of fine cuisine and seafood‚ and anyone fascinated by legends and history. The attractions‚ weather and scenery‚ and the festivals are
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Standard One: Knowledge of Literacy I used formative assessments on a daily basis to determine my planning of literacy instruction each week. My school used “Word Wall Words” which are words that students should know at each grade level. I tested my class on five “word wall words” each week. I gave specific spelling instruction to students to help them learn these sight words. I also developed reading comprehension and content area literacy by having students read a book about weather and answer
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Table of Contents Introduction Invention-the satellite Development of maps over time Comparison of early maps and modern maps Introduction Maps has given humans accurate locations‚ and helped world-travelling become a dream to reality. However‚ maps weren’t always as accurate as it is now. It has taken thousands of years of research and development for maps to become accurate enough to fully rely on. Humans have invented many tools so that maps could be as accurate as possible. One of the most
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world for the lowest life expectancy[1]‚ indicating significant poverty especially when compared to the relative developmental success of other southern Africa states (figure 5). When considering levels of development‚ countries can be placed on Rostow Stages of Economic Development[2]‚ the majority of countries move up the stages from experiencing economic growth. However Zimbabwe has slipped back down the Stages of Development; early 1970 it was
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Our Relationship with Nature over Time The relationship between humans and nature has been interactive‚ chaotic‚ and complex. From a many human viewpoints‚ nature can be considered as both a source of everyday needs‚ and an adversary‚ a rather indefinite force which we interact with. Many people today consider themselves a separate entity‚ existing completely outside‚ if not above nature‚ especially in western cultures. Yet‚ nature was not always perceived as such. Over the centuries‚ people have
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