SOCIOLOGICAL METHODS TYPES OF DATA Sociologists have two types of data available to them: information they have self-generated for their own research purposes (primary data)‚ and already existing data that was not specifically created for sociological purposes (secondary data). Primary data can result from‚ the employment of questionnaires‚ structured‚ semi-structured and unstructured interviews‚ and observation techniques. Secondary data is more or less‚ anything else: statistics produced
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Basic Business Statistics 11th Edition Chapter 1 Introduction and Data Collection Basic Business Statistics‚ 11e © 2009 Prentice-Hall‚ Inc. Chap 1-1 Learning Objectives In this chapter you learn: How Statistics is used in business The sources of data used in business The types of data used in business The basics of Microsoft Excel The basics of Minitab Basic Business Statistics‚ 11e © 2009 Prentice-Hall‚ Inc.. Chap 1-2 Why Learn Statistics? So you are
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Table of Contents Part 1: General review of data link layer 2 a) Explain the working principles of the data link layer. 2 b) Is controlled access better than contention for media access control? Discuss. 2 c) Why is error detection important in this layer? What is being measured? 3 d) Identify three significant noises that can cause errors in data communication digital circuits. Briefly explain. 3 Part 2: General review of error correction 4 a) Why is cyclical redundancy
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A data dictionary is a file that defines the basic organization of a database. A data dictionary has a list of all files in the database‚ the number of records that are in each file‚ the names and types of each field. The data dictionary is hidden from users so that it is not accidentally destroyed. The data dictionary only keeps bookkeeping information and does not actually contain any data from the database. The database management system cannot access data from the database without a data dictionary
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History of Database Processing. Preliminaries Why is there a need to study File Processing and DBM? Why do we use Databases? Simply because of ourselves and there is always something that happens around us. Collect Data Use and Reuse data Historical Perspective Historical Perspective Historical Perspective Historical Perspective The Electronic Age: Diskette Punch Card Why do we Humans desire Databases? Man has always had the desire to record
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The Evolution of Data Models The quest for better data management has led to different models that attempt to resolve the file system’s critical shortcomings. Because each data model evolved from its predecessors‚ it is essential to examine the major data models in roughly chronological order. 1.1 The Hierarchical Model A Hierarchical Database Model is a data model in which the data is organized into a tree-like structure. The structure allows representing information using parent/child relationships:
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Question 1 What is a data warehouse? What problems does it solve for a business? A data warehouse is a place where data is stored for archival purpose‚ analysis purpose. Usually a data warehouse is either a single computer or many computers servers tied together to create one giant computer systems. Data warehouse solve a lot of problems to companies as it helps to structure files and avoid unnecessary duplication of data. Data warehouse also allows to easily updating data and encourages management
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DATA FLOW DIAGRAM Group#7 Nugao Oserin Obongen The Data Flow Diagram (DFD) • a graphical representation of the flow of data through an information system. It enables you to represent the processes in your information system from the viewpoint of data. The DFD lets you visualize how the system operates‚ what the system accomplishes and how it will be implemented‚ when it is refined with further specification. • Data flow diagrams are used by systems analysts to design information-processing systems
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conceptual schema design. Designing of a Database is considered as a systematized process that moulds data into a structure which is similar to the underlying system of database management model. Systems of database management are categorized into three main types: hierarchical‚ relational‚ and network. Database design is a process to organize data into a form which matches the underlying data model of the database management system. There are three major types of database management systems: network
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3.7.2. Quantitative Data Analysis In this study‚ the quantitative data which was obtained through questionnaire which is used analyzed using descriptive statistics of central tendency measurements and percentages. The data was first coded‚ organized and discussed using mean‚ mode‚ frequency and median. The median will be used to show the central tendency for the ordinal scales and skewness to show the distribution of the population. In addition‚ percentages will be used for the nominal scale especially
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