aqueous solutions of KMnO4. c) The compound readily adds hydrogen. d) The compound is comparable to benzene in stability. Q6. Which reagent(s) would serve as the basis for a simple chemical test that would distinguish between benzene and cyclohexene? a) NaOH in H2O b)
Free Oxygen Alcohol Carbon dioxide
important organic molecules. When two carbon-carbon double bonds are positioned next to one another‚ a conjugated diene is formed. Conjugated dienes undergo a cycloaddition reaction (also called pericyclic addition) with certain double bonds to afford cyclohexenes and related compounds. The reaction of Cyclopentadiene with Maleic anhydride is an example of a Diels-Alder reaction. This reaction forms a six-membered ring from two reagents: a conjugated "diene" (which provides four of the ring atoms) and a
Premium Distillation
Subject: Experiment 23: Stereochemistry of the Addition of Bromine to trans-Cinnamic Acid Introduction/Abstract: The purpose of this experiment was to carry out the bromination of trans-cinnamic acid‚ to determine the stereochemistry of the dibromide product of 2‚3-dibromo-3-phenylpropanoic acid‚ and find out whether the reaction proceeds by the usual bromonium ion mechanism or some other mechanism. In this experiment trans-cinnamic acid was mixed with glacial acetic acid and stirred in which
Premium Carboxylic acid Acetic acid Vinegar
Reminder: These notes are meant to supplement‚ not replace‚ the laboratory manual. A Diels-Alder Reaction History and Application: The 1950 Nobel prize in chemistry was awarded to Otto Paul Hermann Diels and Kurt Alder for their breakthrough work on the discovery and development of [4 + 2] cycloaddition reactions i. This set of reactions are enormously useful in the synthesis of six membered rings in a single stepii. These are used in many pharmaceutical applications. Tamiflu® is a drug which
Premium Chemical reaction Carboxylic acid Oxygen
Introduction An essential oil is a concentrated hydrophobic liquid containing volatile aroma compounds from plants. Essential oils are also known as volatile oils‚ ethereal oils or aetherolea‚ or simply as the "oil of" the plant from which they were extracted‚ such as oil of clove. Volatile oils are the odorous and volatile products of various plant and animal species. As they have a tendency to undergo evaporation on being exposed to the air even at an ambient temperature‚ they are invariably termed
Premium Essential oil Ethanol Citrus
Introduction The Diels-Alder Reaction is a reaction used in organic chemistry that builds rings very efficiently (1)‚ this cycloaddition process allows for the stereoselective formation of cyclohexene rings possessing as many as four contiguous stereogenic centers (3). This reaction occurs without intermediates‚ in a single step‚ which explains the stereospecificity due to substituents not being given the chance to “switch around”. (1)These six membered rings are synthesized by reacting a dienophile
Premium Chemistry Distillation
STEREOCHEMISTRY: ADDITION OF BROMINE TO trans-CINNAMIC ACID Required Prelab Readings: McMurry Chapter 5‚ Sections 8.2 & 21.2 Morhig‚ Sections 7.1 and 7.3. Previous techniques that you must know and be able to perform: Suction Filtration and Melting Point This experiment is designed to demonstrate two concepts. First‚ it will provide a demonstration of how chemists can use chemical reactions to understand reaction mechanisms. Second‚ is the concept of multi-step synthesis. You will
Premium Chemistry Chemical reaction
SEPERATING CYCLOHEXANE AND TOLUENE BY DISTILLATION Aim: Separate two miscible liquids‚ either by macroscale or microscale process‚ using simple and fractional distillation. Compare the efficiencies of simple and fractional distillation. INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this experiment is to learn how to separate two miscible liquids by microscale process. There will be use of simple and fractional distillation. Simple and fractional distillation efficiencies will be compared. The student should have
Premium Vapor pressure Temperature Gas
Identification Using Infrared Spectroscopy Aim: To identify the functional groups in organic compounds using infrared spectra. APPARATUS AND REAGENTS: Nicolet 380FTIR‚ HATR Accessory (liquid crystal plates) Reagents ( Methanol‚ Benzene and Cyclohexane‚ Cyclohexene) THEORY: An important tool of the organic chemist is Infrared Spectroscopy‚ or "IR". IR spectra are acquired on a special instrument‚ called an IR spectrometer. IR is used to gather information about compound ’s structure‚ assess its purity‚ and
Premium PH Concentration Chemistry
skeleton: CH3 H3C CH3 2. The molecule trans-cyclooctene is known to exist. (It is chiral‚ by the way). Why is the analagous molecule trans-cyclohexene unstable? Far too strained to have a trans-alkene in a six-membered ring. H H H = H H H trans-cyclooctene (planar representation) trans-cyclooctene (perspective representation) trans-cyclohexene???? 3. Draw each of the following bicyclic alkenes in a good "perspective" representation. Only one of these three compounds actually exists
Premium Electron Aromaticity Electron configuration