The Problem of Social Cost RONALD COASE Ronald Coase is Professor Emeritus at University of Chicago Law School and a Nobel Laureate in Economics. This article is from The Journal of Law and Economics (October 1960). Several passages devoted to extended discussions of legal decisions have been omitted. I. THE PROBLEM TO BE EXAMINED This paper is concerned with those actions of business firms which have harmful effects on others. The standard example is that of a factory the smoke from which has harmful
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He invented many new ways to farm crops using the least amount of nutrients in the land and prevent soil erosion and degradation. These techniques greatly increased crop yield and benefitted the economy in the south. At that time‚ the south were filled sharecroppers who were oppressed by the land owners. Due to the high quantity of crops the land owners demanded‚ sharecroppers were often times poor and could barely sustain their own family
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region of Andhra Pradesh‚ southern India‚ have taken to farming cotton instead of food crops. Some 20 of them have recently committed suicide by eating lethal doses of pesticide. Most of the farmers are extremely poor. Attracted by cheap loans from pesticides traders and the prospect of a quick buck‚ they borrowed heavily to raise cotton on small plots of land. ________ to the Ministry of Agriculture‚ the crop losses and destruction in Andhra Pradesh arose from the repeated application of excessive
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value of their crop‚ with agricultural yields only a third to a quarter of global standards. Similarly‚ on the output side‚ middlemen clogged the supply chain‚ reducing profit margins for both farmers and buyers such as ITC. ITC recognized that to increase its profits and to help farmers improve their margins they need to iron out the flaws in the existing inefficient supply chain system. The e-Choupal project ensured that farmers were equipped with weather forecasts‚ best practices‚ crop information
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Alfalfa Alfalfa Seed‚ Alfalfa Seed for Sale‚ Alfalfa Seed VarietiesUses: Cover Crops: Alfalfa is harvested as hay or silage which is processed or fed directly to livestock. Alfalfa is an important source of leaf meal used for fortifying baby food and other special diet foods prepared for human use. Large quantities of dehydrated alfalfa are also used in manufacturing concentrated feeds for poultry and livestock. Livestock: This plant is grown by itself or in combination with grasses in improved
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to the trees. The poem ends with the uplifting line "they are waiting for the next harvest with hope." (16) with they’ representing not only the trees‚ but the family as well. This was the author’s intent to show the similarities of harvesting crops and harvesting life. "Lowliness" is a somber poem with an uplifting end. It serves as a way for the author to revisit times of happiness with his family. It also allows the author to share happier times of work in the fields‚ providing a living
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.................................................................................... 10 Starting Images (4270)............................................................................................................................ 12 Starting Graphs (4271)............................................................................................................................ 14 Stage 2 Starting Control (4272) ................................................................................
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EASTERN ILLINOIS UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF EARLY CHILDHOOD‚ ELEMENTARY AND MIDDLE LEVEL EDUCATION The Department Lesson Plan TITLE OF THE PLAN: The Digestive System GRADE LEVEL: 7th SUBJECT AREA: Science CONCEPT/SKILL: To know the different organs in the digestive system and their functions. The students will also learn more intensely about the esophagus. TARGET AUDIENCE: Regular class size. 50-minute class period I. PREPARING TO TEACH: Identifying goals‚ objectives
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HORTICULTURAL CROPS (AGR452) (APR 2011) Question 1 a) Define the following terms:- (5m) i) Horticulture:- the science and art of cultivating flowers‚ fruits‚ vegetables‚ turf and ornamental plants in an orchard‚ garden‚ nursery or greenhouse on anlarge or small scale. Often considered as those require intensive culture and grown in small areas. ii) Horticulturist :- A noun reffering to a specialist in horticulture. b) 5 common examples of classification used in horticulture
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The Help of GM Crops Norman Borlaug was one of the most influential individuals that no one has ever heard of. His genetic research in Mexico‚ India‚ and Pakistan led to the creation of disease resistant‚ high-yield crops that saved more lives from starvation than the number of those lost in both world wars combined. His pioneering work earned him a Nobel prize in 1970 along with the title‚ “The Man Who Saved a Billion Lives” (Wilson). Scientists have since expanded his research into the field of
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