Legal Studies Part I – Crime 1. The Nature Of Crime The Meaning of Crime A crime is defined as “any act or omission of duty that results in harm to society‚ and which is punishable by the state” The Elements of Crime: Actus Reus‚ Mens Rea There are two elements which must be present for a ‘crime’ to be committed: 1. Actus Reus: The Guilty Act – The act is carried out or performed‚ or an omission of an act which should have been done takes place. 2. Mens Rea: The Guilty Mind – Intent
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Using the Standard Deviation You made a number of observations about the data sets for the school activities. You used mean and median to measure the center of the data‚ and you used the interquartile range (IQR) to measure the spread. When outliers are present‚ the median and IQR are used to measure center and spread because they are unaffected by extreme values. When the data appears to be symmetric and there are no known outliers‚ the mean and standard deviation (another measure of spread)
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Secondary data refers to the data which an investigator does not collect himself for his purpose rather he obtains them from some other source‚ agency or office. In other words‚ this data has already been collected by some other source and an investigator makes use of it for his purpose. Secondary data is different from primary data on the basis of the sources of their collection. The difference between the two is relative - data which is primary at one place become secondary at another place.
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ON THE ECONOMICS OF ORGANIZED CRIME By Vimal Kumar and Stergios Skaperdas Department of Economics University of California‚ Irvine Irvine‚ CA 92697 Revised: February 13‚ 2008 Prepared for inclusion in: Garoupa‚ Nuno (ed.)‚ Criminal Law and Economics ABSTRACT: The core function of organized crime is the selling of protection. Protection can be real‚ against third-party crime‚ or manufactured by the organized crime groups themselves. Mafias and gangs emerge in areas of weak state control‚ because
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DATA ORGANIZATION‚ PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS Research Methods 1 Data Organization and Presentation To make interpretation and analysis of gathered data easier‚ data should be organized and presented properly. The usual methods used by researchers are textual‚ tables‚ graphs and charts. 1.1 Textual Data can be presented in the form of texts‚ phrases or paragraphs. It involves enumerating important characteristics‚ emphasizing significant figures and identifying important features of
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billion bytes of data in digital form be it on social media‚ blogs‚ purchase transaction record‚ purchasing pattern of middle class families‚ amount of waste generated in a city‚ no. of road accidents on a particular highways‚ data generated by meteorological department etc. This huge size of data generated is known as big data. Generally managers use data to arrive at decision. Marketers use data analytics to determine customer preferences and their purchasing pattern. Big data has tremendous potential
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of variables Qualitative Quantitative • Reliability and Validity • Hypothesis Testing • Type I and Type II Errors • Significance Level • SPSS • Data Analysis Data Analysis Using SPSS Dr. Nelson Michael J. 2 Variable • A characteristic of an individual or object that can be measured • Types: Qualitative and Quantitative Data Analysis Using SPSS Dr. Nelson Michael J. 3 Types of Variables • Qualitative variables: Variables which differ in kind rather than degree • Measured
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Problem Identification The Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994 was created to solve the problem of high crime. To deal with the crime problem in our nation‚ there must be a balance approach between getting tough on the hard-core violent offenders‚ and prevention and treatment for nonviolent offenders‚ all within the context of punishment. The major crimes that were going on in 1994 were the war on drugs‚ gun violence‚ and juvenile violence(book‚ pg.470). It was suggested that police
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into the Workers’ Compensation (WC) actuarial model workbook. Payroll data for the WC model should contain “only the actual hours worked” for specific Rate Schedule Codes (RSC) groups‚ including executives. The WC payroll data should exclude all paid leave types. A comparison of work hours from the NPHRS mainframe report to the summary in EDW reveals very small differences. We hope to align the NPHRS and EDW work hour data. Also‚ we (Technical Analysis‚ Accounting and Finance) need to understand
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"All men have crimes‚ and most of them are hidden". Do you agree with this statement? As a matter of fact‚ in this modernization and globalization era‚ many people go against the laws to commit the immoral activities such as kidnapping‚ murdering and drug dealing because they are self-centered and they do not care about others’ feeling. Why do people commit crime? Normally‚ people commit crimes because that is what they want to do. Criminal behaviour is a matter of choices. Today‚ there are many
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