high levels of antibiotic resistance found in E. faecalis contribute to its pathogenicity. E. faecalis can cause endocarditis and bacteremia‚ urinary tract infections (UTI)‚ meningitis‚ and other infections in humans. Several virulence factors are thought to contribute to E. faecalis infections. A plasmid-encoded hemolysin‚ called the cytolysin‚ is important for pathogenesis in animal models of infection‚ and the cytolysin in combination with high-level gentamicin resistance is associated with a five-fold
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patient might have normal androgen levels. PCOS is also associated with peripheral insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia‚ and obesity amplifies the degree of both abnormalities. Insulin resistance in PCOS can be secondary to a postbinding defect in insulin receptor signaling pathways‚ and elevated insulin levels may have gonadotropin-augmenting effects on ovarian function. In addition‚ insulin resistance in PCOS has been associated with adiponectin‚ a hormone secreted by adipocytes that regulates
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methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections according to Collignon (2002‚ p. 327). These enterococci have become resistant because of the overuse of the antibiotics that control these infections. Cross-resistance between classes and exposure to one antibiotic may promote resistance to others. Changes to the bacterial receptors for these antibiotics in MRSA strains make them become resistant to methicillin and it derivatives. These changed receptors have limited activity to result in bacterial
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and so the methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) was born. Since methicillin is a form of penicillin‚ the MRSA are resistant to an entire class of penicillin-like antibiotics called beta-lactams. S. aureus continues to evolve and have shown more resistance to additional antibiotic drugs over time (NIH‚ 2008). Identification S. aureus is a facultative anaerobe bacterium‚ which can make ATP in both presence and absence of oxygen. It is a gram-positive coccal bacterium that appears in grape-like clusters
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achieved for the prototype with a 12-bit MDAC having an accuracy of 4-0.2%. Keywords: LCR measurement; Microcontroller-application; Quasi-balanced bridge; PSD-application 1. Introduction Measurement of components (inductance L‚ Capacitance C or resistance R) is essential in many fields of electrical and electronics engineering. Several schemes for LCR measurement have been developed for general as well as specific applications. These methods can be normally grouped into (a) bridge methods and (b)
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ZEIT 1206 DEC1 Lab Report 1 DC Circuits - Analysis and Design Alexander Glover‚ z3422512 Abstract DC circuit analysis and design‚ play a massive role in electrical engineering and without the correct application of theory and practise in unison‚ nothing can be achieved in a true engineering sense. Engineering requires theory to develop and test constraints while also requiring practical application of theory in order to determine tolerance and practical results for industry purposes. The ability
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I believe peaceful resistance to laws positively impacts a free society. Peaceful resistance is a way to express your beliefs and protest potentially other harmful policies or laws. More importantly‚ I feel it also inspires change. While violence escalates tensions and leads to revenge‚ peaceful resistance should inspire thoughtful progress and civilized improvements in a free society. During the Civil Rights movement‚ Rosa Parks was a great example of someone who refused to accept the law
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pesticides‚ and these chemicals are mainly used to protect the shrimps from diseases and maintain the water quality (Cole‚ 2009 and Graslund‚ 2001).These chemicals can be toxic or mutagenic on the wild flora and fauna‚ and antibiotics can cause resistance and changing the micro-organism composition in the aquatic environment (Graslund‚ 2001). Oxytetracycline‚ an antibiotic‚ is widely used by farmers; however‚ studies have shown that almost all of the bacteria isolated from shrimp and water samples
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In a democracy we have a moral duty in general to obey the laws or to attempt altering laws we don’t like through the electoral process. In America civil disobedience cannot be justified since it goes against the ideals of democracy. Living in a country where there are legal solutions to a problem that can take months or years to solve‚ people must voice their concerns and rebel against the government through grassroots movements and protests. Breaking laws that were created to protect the government
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accepting bacterium together. The donor bacterium then makes a duplicate of its resistance plasmid and gives the copy to the accepting bacterium. Conjugation can also occur when small plasmids that do not have the ability to direct their own transfer ride on the backs of larger plasmids in order to enter a new bacterium. Another form of a
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