COST CONCEPTS AND COST ACCOUNTING By: Aman Jawahar Sarika Deepak Muneer CONTENTS Concept of Cost Cost Accounting Terms in Cost Accounting Elements of Cost Meaning of Overheads Classification of Costs Methods of Costing Types of Costing MEANING: Cost Concept: The term ‘cost’ means the amount of expenses [actual or notional] incurred on or attributable to specified thing or activity. Cost means ‘the price paid for something’. Cost Accounting: Cost Accounting is concerned with recording
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Levels of Product Differentiation in the Global Mobile Phones Market The sixth product level called compliant product is a connecting element between the physical product characteristics and the strategy of the producer company Stanimir Andonov* The article discusses the differentiation among the product offers of companies working in the global markets‚ as well as the strategies which they use and could use in that respect. The main idea of the paper is that the principle “differentiate or
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ASSIGNMENT ON COST CONTROL AND COST FREDUCTION SUBMITTED BY‚ MOHAMMED NAFAISE E.K ROLL NO: 1600 COST CONTROLL & COST REDUCTION COST CONTROL The practice of managing and/or reducing business expenses. Cost controls starts by the businesses identifying what their costs are and evaluate whether those costs are reasonable and affordable .Then if necessary
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4-1 Product and Service Design Operations Management William J. Stevenson 8th edition 4-2 Product and Service Design CHAPTER 4 Product and Service Design Operations Management‚ Eighth Edition‚ by William J. Stevenson Copyright © 2005 by The McGraw-Hill Companies‚ Inc. All rights reserved. McGraw-Hill/Irwin 4-3 Product and Service Design Product and Service Design • Major factors in design strategy Cost Quality • Time-to-market • Customer satisfaction •
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_______________ 1. A process is a series of activities or operations‚ which are linked to perform a specific objective. True False 2. The cost flows for a process-costing system are totally different from those of a job order costing system. True False 3. Process systems are characterized by a larger number of homogeneous products passing through a series of processes. True False 4. The production report is the document that summarizes the manufacturing activity that takes
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successful cost reduction programmes In the current economic climate‚ most organisations must face up to a prolonged period of extreme competition and funding restrictions. This is particularly the case if the past few years have been focused on growth‚ service improvement or reorganisation (i.e. cost efficiency has not been a recent priority). Such pressures require an approach that reduces costs in a strategic‚ disciplined‚ and sustainable manner - delivered at pace. In our view serious cost reduction
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PRINCIPLES OF COST CONTROL 1.1 Introduction Cost is important to all industry. Costs can be divided into two general classes; absolute costs and relative costs. Absolute cost measures the loss in value of assets. Relative cost involves a comparison between the chosen course of action and the course of action that was rejected. This cost of the alternative action - the action not taken - is often called the "opportunity cost". The accountant is primarily concerned with the absolute cost. However‚
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1. The chief economist for Argus Corporation‚ a large appliance manufacturer‚ estimated the firm’s short-run cost function for vacuum cleaners using an average variable cost function of the form. AVC= a + bQ+ cQ^2 (the 2 is suppose to be exponent) Where AVC=dollars per vacuum cleaner and Q=number of vacuum cleaners produced each month. Total fixed cost each month is $180‚000. The following results were obtained: Dependent Variable:AVC R-Square
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Product Positioning A product positioning statement has four main components – the target‚ the frame of reference‚ the differentiation‚ and the reason(s) to believe. THE TARGET The target is who the product is for – who is the target user or customer of the product. The key to a good target definition is to balance being specific with being concise‚ you need to describe the target well enough that they can be identified‚ without being so verbose that your positioning statement goes beyond
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Generally‚ the term cost of production refers to the ‘money expenses’ incurred in the production of a commodity. But money expenses are not the only expenses incurred on the production of a commodity. There are number of services and inputs such as entrepreneurship‚ land‚ capital etc.‚ which are offered by an entrepreneur without changing any price or receiving any payment for them. While computing the total cost of production‚ allowance should be made for such expenses. It is therefore essential
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