CHEMICAL BONDING MOKAN A/L VELAN (SCPNG0000019030) SANDEEP SINGH JASPREET SINGH TABLE OF CONTENT Contents IONIC BOND 2 METALLIC BOND 9 The "Sea of Electrons" Theory 14 Conductors‚ Insulators and Semiconductors 16 25 IONIC BOND Ionic bond is formed when electron transferred from a valence shell of an atom to the valence shell of another atom. Ionic bond involves electron transfer across two atoms. The atom which donates the electron is called cation which is a positive ion whereas
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The characteristic of a convertible bond The convertible bond is one kind of equity-linked bonds. The term of the bond entitles bondholder to convert bonds into shares of the company or another company in the same group‚ at an agreed-upon conversion price‚ among a fixed period. The reason why it is made in this form is that the issuer can benefit from four aspects as follow‚ (1) better terms. A convertible bond have a lower interest rate‚ less restrictive covenants or the subordination of bondholders’
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Ruskin Bond Ruskin Bond‚ born 19 May 1934 in Kasauli Distt Solan‚ is an Indian author of Britishdescent.[1] He is considered to be an icon among Indian writers and children’s authors and a top novelist.In 1992 he received the Sahitya Akademi award for English writing‚ for his short stories collection‚ "Our Trees Still Grow in Dehra"‚ by the Sahitya Academy‚ India’s National Academy of Literature[2]. He was awarded the Padma Shri in 1999 for contributions to children’s literature. He now lives with
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Convertible Bonds A convertible bond is a bond that can be converted into shares of common stock. Therefore‚ these are two sources of value for this security: the value of the bond components‚ and the value from possibly converting the security into shares of common stock. Features of a Convertible Bond The basic features of a convertible bond can be illustrated by a hypothetical example. On November 1‚ 2003 ("today")‚ Apple‚ had $400 million in 8.80 percent (annual payments) convertible bonds due in
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Gloria Benford fulfills her expectations for this rating period. Gloria is very knowledgeable in her duties as SOSA. This rating period‚ Gloria took on the task of organizing the deceased files by year and participant’s last name by the deadline given to her. Gloria purged files this year according to her alphabetic load. Gloria completed the task of uploading a backlog of loose paperwork this rating period. Gloria has been doing a very good job of transferring Juaniata’s phone that receives the
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PIMCO analysis of bond markets This analysis gives investors thorough information about bond markets and provides an overview risks faced by bondholders. Purchasing a bond means you are lending money to a government‚ whereby the issuer provides a bond in which promises to a specified interest rate during the bond’s life. The capital value will be repaid at the time of investment when a bond reaches maturity. Therefore‚ it is suitable for those investors who seek a predictable income with
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A Broken Bond From the moment that the mother feels her child kicking‚ there is a very strong bond developed. In one’s life‚ a strong maternal bond is crucial. In Laura Esquivel’s novel Like Water for Chocolate‚ it seemed liked Mama Elena was unaware of the importance of this relationship. “Unquestionably‚ when it came to dividing‚ dismantling‚ dismembering‚ desolating‚ detaching‚ dispossessing‚ destroying‚ or dominating‚ Mama Elena was a pro.” Mama Elena was destined to ruin Tita’s life.
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Catastrophe Bonds By Kirill Graminschi The trouble with Catastrophe Bonds The article presents the difficulties insurance companies face when they are issuing catastrophe bonds. Do they efficiently hedge against large-scale disasters? It is very difficult hedging against catastrophic losses. Japan’s March earthquake‚ tsunami and nuclear disaster threat could cost the insurance industry between $21 and $34 billion. The catastrophe bonds are not helping much the insurance companies‚ although
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US Savings Bond A US savings bond is a security issued by the US treasury and began being issued during president Roosevelt’s presidency in 1935. A month after the president sign the legislation‚ the first savings bond was issued with a purchase price of 18.75‚ but a face value of $25. These first bonds were eventually nicknamed “the baby bonds”. When bonds first became big was during the US’s involvement with WWII in 1941. These bond were called the Series E Defense bonds and they went towards
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Value of Money to Security Valuation – Valuation of Bonds and Debt Securities A bond or a debenture is a long term debt instrument carrying a fixed rate of interest which is known to investors. A bond is redeemable after a specified period. Bonds are also called gilt edged securities or gilt when issued by the government since it is free of default risk. Features of a Bond or Debenture • Face Value – Face value is called par value. A bond / debenture is generally issued at a par value and
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