Introduction There are many theories given by different group of researchers about the existence of multinational enterprises or MNE’s. According to John Cantwell‚ it was in the 1970’s and 1980’s that many theories on MNE’s were proposed. These theories were either general theories of MNE’s which were called the main institution for international production or the theories on foreign direct investment‚ the means by which international production is done ( Pitelis‚ Christos N. and Sugden‚ Roger
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I ANALYZING DIFFICULTIES OF THE CONTINGENCY PLAN FOR THE DISASTER RESPONSE IN PAKISTAN: A CASE FOR THE 2012 FLOODS By Ahmer Zaman Khan A thesis submitted to the Faculty of the Lahore School of Economics in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for a Bachelor of Science Degree in Economics and Finance Lahore School of Economics Barki Campus‚ Lahore 2013 I DECLARATION This is to certify that this thesis contains no material‚ which has been accepted for the reward to the candidate
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Gruber article 2007: Uncovering the value of planning in new venture creation: A process and contingency perspective The topic discussed in the article is whether business planning has positive impact on firm performances. The existing view on this topic is dichotomous. One group of scholars think planning is important for successful firm creation‚ another group disagrees strongly. Findings from strategy research conclude there are two dominant models of strategy formulation. One is a rational
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leadership‚ one should briefly scan some of the major theories‚ notice various styles of leadership and review some of the suggested traits and characteristics that leaders should have. There are many leadership theories. Arthur G. Jago (1982) proposed a framework that organizes leadership theories based on each theory’s focus and approach. "Focus" refers to whether leadership is viewed as a set of traits or as a set of actions. Focus on Traits: Theories with such a focus see leaders as having certain
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Theory X and Theory Y In his 1960 book‚ The Human Side of Enterprise‚ Douglas McGregor proposed two theories by which to view employee motivation. He avoided descriptive labels and simply called the theories Theory X and Theory Y. Both of these theories begin with the premise that management’s role is to assemble the factors of production‚ including people‚ for the economic benefit of the firm. Beyond this point‚ the two theories of management diverge. Theory X Theory X assumes that the average
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Finally‚ Shakespeare shows that the cause of many characters’ deaths is because of the unmitigated passion of characters that stems from love. Only a short while after meeting‚ Romeo and Juliet decide to get married secretly by Friar Lawrence. However‚ Friar Lawrence dislikes the rushed marriage‚ and strongly warns against such an action that he believes is ‚ “[...] too swift [...]” (2.6. 15). The Friar believes that the lovers are rushing into a permanent action too quickly‚ and that it will end
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Two important personality theories are the biological theory and the humanistic theory. The biological theory is based on the premise that all people inherit their characteristics from their family. This theory basically contends that people do not have control over their behaviors because they are genetically pre-determined. The humanistic theory‚ on the other hand‚ is based on the premise that each person has free will to control their actions. This theory does not go along with the idea that behaviors
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Details Name(s): Path-Goal Theory Author: Robert House Classification: Contingency or Transactional Leadership Theory Year: 1971‚ revised in 1996 Pro’s In a situation where something needs to be done in a short time - such as emergencies and complicated situations in which there is a time constraint‚ this method may be preferable. The formulator of the theory‚ Robert House acknowledges that "all theories ....are ultimately incorrect..." and that "A theory which cannot be mortally in
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be achieved through either the Modernization Theory‚ a view from the Global North‚ or the Dependency Theory‚ a view from the Global South. These two approaches are diverse from each other; however there are notable similarities between them too. Both the theories lack in certain places thus fail to escape criticism‚ however the Dependency Theory looks at development in a broader aspect. To begin with‚ one of the main similarities between the theories is that they both give much attention to the
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What are Push Theory and Pull Theory? Pull theory: In economics‚ the demand-pull theory is the theory that inflation occurs when demand for goods and services exceed existing supplies. According to the demand pull theory‚ there is a range of effects on innovative activity driven by changes in expected demand‚ the competitive structure of markets‚ and factors which affect the valuation of new products or the ability of firms to realize economic benefits. In a marketing "pull" system‚ the consumer
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