of a paste of calcium hydroxide for 48 hours. Group B samples were immersed in Morinda citrifolia juice for 15 minutes followed by an application of a paste of Morinda citrifolia for 48 hours. After 48 hours the microhardness of the specimens was measured again‚ using the same test. Results: The reduction in the hardness of the root dentin was found to be lesser when they were immersed in Morinda citrifolia‚ as compared to immersion in a combination of NaOCl and Ca(OH)2. Conclusion: When used as
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PRACTICALS) Q4.How would you distinguish between the following: a)Calcium nitrate and lead nitrate using ammonium hydroxide Ans: Add ammonium hydroxide to the given substance‚ calcium nitrate does not form any ppt. with ammonium hydroxide. But lead nitrate forms chalky white ppt. With ammonium hydroxide b)Calcium nitrate and lead nitrate using sodium hydroxide solution Ans: Add sodium hydroxide to the given substance‚ Calcium nitrate forms milky white ppt. which is insoluble in excess. Lead
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constant (always >1 ‚ formation of the complex is highly favorable) Complex ion formation increases the solubility of sol ids in water. Example: Calculate the solubility of AgCl (1.6 x 10 + -10 ) in 1.0 M NH3 . AgCl A g + Cl - Ksp = 1.6 x 10 Ag + 2NH3 A g(NH3 )2 + Kf = 1 .5 x 10 + + AgCl + 2NH3 Ag(NH3 )2 + Cl - K = 2 .4 x 10 -10 7 -3 then: Complex Ion • a c harged species in which a central metal (transition) ion is bonded to molecules
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HKDSE Chemistry – A Modern View 1 (SAMPLE) Suggested Answers (Coursebook) |Chapter 1 The fundamentals of chemistry | |Class Practice |1 | |Chapter Exercises |3 | |Chapter 2 The atmosphere
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The Semiconductor Industry: Reduction of Fluoride Waste Streams Submitted by Y. Smith Prepared for Dr. Alvarez Webster University 09 May 2011 CERTIFICATE OF AUTHORSHIP: I certify that I am the author. I have cited all sources from which I used data‚ ideas‚ or words‚ either quoted directly or paraphrased. I also certify that this paper was prepared by me specifically for this course. The Semiconductor Industry: Fluoride Waste Streams Fluoride is a fairly common
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Introduction The major component of eggshells is calcium carbonate (CaCO3). Calcium carbonate cannot be dissolved in water‚ but can dissolve in an acid using the reaction: 2HCl(aq)+CaCO3(s) Ca2+(aq)+CO2(g)+H2O+2HCl-(aq) This reaction is not used to titrate the CaCO3 because it is very slow when the reaction is close to the endpoint. Instead adding an excess of acid to dissolve all of the CaCO3 and then titrating the remaining H3O+ with NaOH solution can achieve the determination of the amount
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contain ingredients such as aluminum hydroxide‚ calcium carbonate‚ magnesium hydroxide‚ and sodium bicarbonate‚ alone or in various combinations. Antacid products may also contain other ingredients such as simethicone‚ which relieves gas. Antacids differ in how quickly they work and how long they provide relief. Those that dissolve rapidly in the stomach‚ such as magnesium hydroxide and sodium bicarbonate‚ bring the fastest relief. Antacids that contain calcium carbonate or aluminum dissolve more
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compounds; • explain the general characteristics of the alkaline earth metals and their compounds; • describe the manufacture‚ properties and uses of industrially important sodium and calcium compounds including Portland cement; the biological significance of sodium‚ potassium‚ magnesium and calcium. • appreciate The s-block elements of the Periodic Table are those in which the last electron enters the outermost s-orbital. As the s-orbital can accommodate only two electrons‚ two groups
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1. In the first group of four reactions‚ Iron phosphate and calcium phosphate are the two products that are insoluble in water. In the three of the four reactions a cloudy white or yellow formed. This indicated the formation of a precipitate‚ caused by the generally insoluble phosphate anion. Potassium chloride‚ Iron nitrate‚ and potassium sulfate where the products which were soluble in water. With these products there was no evidence of a precipitate forming. 2. Based on the results from reactions
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endeavours. Learn about these resources and how you can make the most out of your opportunities. Business Management Thinking of starting a business but not sure where to stThe Ksp expression is A. Ksp = Sr2+ [ ]3 PO4 3− [ ]2 B. Ksp = 3Sr2+ [ ] 2PO4 3− [ ] C. Ksp = 3Sr2+ [ ]3 2PO4 3− [ ]2 D. Ksp = 3Sr2+ [ ]3 2PO4 3− [ ]2 Sr3 PO4 ( )2 [ ] 21. A solution is found to contain a Pb2+ [ ] of 0.10M. What is the maximum SO4 2− [ ] that can exist in this solution before
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