Virus Attack Prevention Based on Hulme (2004) article‚ many companies are now using firewalls‚ antivirus software and intrusion detection systems‚ but hackers and worms still break through business systems and cause serious damage. Lately it seems that more and more prevention and protection is required. Based on the article‚ attacks such as Blaster‚ MyDoom‚ and Witty cost businesses more than ten billion dollars a year. There is a need for more intelligent shields to ward off new attacks as they
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Introduction A bacteriophage is a virus that infects bacteria. A type of bacteriophage is bacteriophage lambda. This specific bacteriophage infects E. Coli. It is composed of protein and double stranded DNA ¡VdsDNA). The DNA of the phage contains around 50‚000 base pairs and codes for 50 proteins. At both ends of the DNA of the phage‚ there are cohesive ends‚ which are composed of 12 nucleotides. Both ends compliment each other‚ which makes the DNA circular once together. This circular DNA
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inflammation of both the tonsils and the pharynx (located at the back of the throat). It occurs due to viral or bacterial infections. In rare cases a fungus or parasite can also cause tonsillitis. Other common causes are Adenoviruses‚ Influenza virus‚ Herpes Simplex virus and Enteroviruses. There are 4 types of Tonsillitis. Acute Tonsillitis is an acute inflammation of the tonsillar tissue. Children are mostly affected and this ordinary simple disease can sometime lead to serious complications. Recurrent
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10 Worst Computer Viruses of All Time Computer viruses can be a nightmare. Some can wipe out the information on a hard drive‚ tie up traffic on a computer network for hours‚ turn an innocent machine into a zombie and replicate and send themselves to other computers. If you’ve never had a machine fall victim to a computer virus‚ you may wonder what the fuss is about. But the concern is understandable -- according to Consumer Reports‚ computer viruses helped contribute to $8.5 billion in consumer
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Type A Influenza Virus Essay Influenza: a virus that replicates‚ mutates‚ spreads among species‚ and the cause of the recent H1N1 scare is definitely an apparent danger to humans today. Type A influenza is an RNA virus that ‘reproduces’ through replication. The virus particles are surrounded by hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) – both are structural glycoproteins attached to the virus’s outside lipid bi-layer. HA serves its function in helping the virus to bind to the sialic acid receptors
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The hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a single-strand and positive-sense RNA virus of the Hepacivirus genus in the Flaviviridae family (1). According to the organization of the HCV genome‚ the virus is divided into 7 genotypes and more than 60 subtypes. The seven genotypes of this virus are seen in all over the world. It is known that HCV genotype one and four are hard to treat‚ while genotype 2 and 3 have more comfortable treatment. Thus‚ identification of HCV genotype in infected patients is essential
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Lecture 2- overview of the virus 1. The first step- the virus binds to a receptor-->entry and uncoating--> early gene expression-->replication of viral genome-->late gene expression->assembly of viral progeny-->exit 2. Concept 2.1- Virus entry is a multistep process with the ultimate goal of delivering viral genome (payload) into the cells. A. Binding to surface receptors- - a viral receptor is cell surface molecule‚ likely a transmembrane protein - a virus may need multiple receptors
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In general‚ an influenza virus infects only a single species; however‚ whole viruses may occasionally be transmitted from one species to another‚ and genetic reassortment between viruses from two different hosts can produce a new virus capable of infecting a third host. Avian influenza viruses are not readily introduced into humans [3]‚ possibly because humans
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How worried are you about the Influenza Virus? The Influenza virus‚ commonly known as the flu‚ is a viral disease that can be infectious in mammals and birds‚ it´s caused by RNA viruses. This disease is most common between the months of October and May‚ it can last from three days to five days; it´s an acute disease‚ because manifests quickly and last a short time. There are three types of Influenza according to how severe they are; Type A: The most severe type with the most acute symptoms.
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Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a lentivirus (slowly-replicating retrovirus) that causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)‚[1] an infectious disease in which progressive failure of the human immune system leads to life-threatening opportunistic infections and/or cancer. HIV infects vital cells in the human immune system such as helper T cells (specifically CD4+ T cells)‚ macrophages‚ and dendritic cells. HIV infection leads to low levels of CD4+ T cells through three main mechanisms:
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