Financing HBS Case 9-287-057 The case is set in the context of RJR’s 1985 financing of its $4.9 billion acquisition of Nabisco Brands Inc. To finance the acquisition‚ RJR was proposing the issue of $1.2 billion of 12 year notes and the same amount in preferred stock. It had already funded $1.5 billion of the acquisition leaving $1 billion more to finance. Challenges facing RJR: Of the $1.5 billion that had been funded‚ $500 million came from cash and the remaining was through bank borrowings
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introduction to raising finance When a company is growing rapidly‚ for example when contemplating investment in capital equipment or an acquisition‚ its current financial resources may be inadequate. Few growing companies are able to finance their expansion plans from cash flow alone. They will therefore need to consider raising finance from other external sources. In addition‚ managers who are looking to buy-in to a business ("management buy-in" or "MBI") or buy-out (management buy-out" or "MBO")
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Sources of finance What are the main sources and finance for UK firms and why? All firms need some kind of financing. Access to finance may differ considerably from firm to firm depending on what type of business they are and how big/known they are; Sole Trader‚ Public Limited or Private Limited Company. There are both INTERNAL and EXTERNAL sources of finance. Finance can be short‚ medium or long term. Internal sources of Finance: 2 main types 1) Funds from the owner(s) and the family
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References: Blair‚ E.‚ & Landon‚ E. L. (1981). The effect of reference prices in retail advertisements. Journal of Marketing‚ 45‚ 61–69. Blattberg‚ R. C.‚ & Neslin‚ S. A. (1990). Sales promotion: Concepts‚ methods‚ and strategies. Englewood Cliffs‚ NJ: Prentice Hall. Inman‚ J. J.‚ McAlister‚ L.‚ & Hoyer‚ W. D. (1990). Promotion signal: Proxy for a price cut? Journal of Consumer Research‚ 17‚ 74–81. Inman‚ J. J.‚ Peter‚ A. C.‚ & Raghubir‚ P. (1997). Framing the deal: The
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are several factors which will affect the return on investment; fixed costs‚ variable costs‚ product pricing‚ and cost per unit. In this financial section of the business plan‚ these four factors will be discussed below in detail respectively. This finance section will include a break even analysis‚ product pricing analysis‚ profitability analysis‚ price sensitivity analysis‚ cash flow analysis‚ and forecasted scenario analysis. Two break even scenarios and four forecasted scenarios are created in
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Efficiency of Stock Market According to Andrei Shleifer‚ Efficient Market Hypothesis (EMH) does not require that every investor be fully rational‚ however‚ investor required to have rational expectations. Efficient market hypothesis has the following implications for investor: Rationality It assumes that investors act rationality. It means that everyone in the stock market will adjust their expectation on the stock price in a rational way after new information announced. Independent Deviations
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Introduction The source of finance that is the issue of from where to get funds to start‚ develop or expand a business is very important for the future of the business. Success of business and its operations depends largely on choosing the proper sources of finance and the purposes for which the fund is sought. For this reason study of different available sources‚ their advantages‚ limitations in respect of cost‚ period of time‚ rate of return‚ usability of funds and outcome of the funding repayment
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Behavioural Finance: How Investor Reacts in Decision Involving Risk? ABSTRACT Behavioral finance is a new field in economics that has recently become a subject of significant interest to investors. This article provides a general discussion of behavioral Finance .In this article survey is made between two different groups of investors. This article shows how we behave or the psychology when we make decisions involving risk‚ or in the possibility of loss .This article also throw some light on
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Financial Plan- Part II Personal Finance Economics plays a role in personal finance. -Describe the role that economics plays in your personal financial plan. Also‚ the use of credit plays a role in a personal financial plan. Describe the advantages and disadvantages of credit and explain how you will use it as part of your financial plan. Specifically address the following required elements: - Explain the role the government plays in personal finance (focus on regulations‚ laws
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Section 1 – Sources of Finance There are 4 main types of business ownership: • Sole trader • Partnership • Private limited company (Ltd) • Public limited company (Plc) Each of these types of business needs to raise finance for capital investment Sole Trader This is a business that is owned by one person. Sole Traders are responsible for raising all the finance to set up and run the business. Usually a sole trader would be for a small business/ (businesses with a flat
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