’Meta-analyses have established that different psychotherapies have different outcomes. Cognitive-behavioural therapies are significantly more effective than psychodynamic therapies‚ and their superiority increases when long-term follow-up is assessed. Hypnosis enhances the efficacy of both psychodynamic and cognitive-behavioural psychotherapy’. (Kirsch‚ 1996) Clinical Hypnosis is natural and safe. Hypnosis is essentially a cognitive (thought) process. It is a natural process which we all have
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Functionalism and Marxism are both known to be structural perspectives‚ due to the fact that they concentrate on a group of people rather than on the individual himself. Although very similar the two are different in very distinct ways‚ in fact Functionalism falls under the sub-heading of consensus structuralism‚ while Marxism falls under the sub-heading of conflict structuralism. As the sub-headings suggest they may be considered as opposites in various ways. The similarities and differences of
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summer work: One of the units that you will be studying in Y12 is ‘Physiological Disorders’ (unit 14). Summer work Assignment Physiological disorders‚ their nature‚ signs and symptoms The purpose of this assignment is to: Understand the nature of physiological disorders. Scenario: You have been asked by North Middlesex Hospital to create two information leaflets explaining the nature of two named physiological disorders and their signs and symptoms. The most successful way to
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Analyse and evaluate the Psychodynamic‚ Behaviourist and Cognitive approaches to psychology‚ include in your answer the difference between classical and operant conditioning and compare the theories of conditioning to other approaches. Freud (1856-1939) pioneered the Psychodynamic approach creating theories such as The Three States of Mind; where any decision we make is influenced by unconscious mental processes; that the conscious‚ preconscious‚ and unconscious areas of our mind decide the outcome
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A reflection on two approaches Both psychodynamic and Focusing-oriented therapies regard trauma as a painful and challenging experience. They understand trauma as something that can alter a person’s sense of self. They both acknowledge the survivor’s attempts to avoid the pain. Also‚ both approaches note that there is an adaptive aspect to the survivor’s responses (as they attempt to avoid the pain) (see Mackay‚ 2002; Vantarakis‚ 2014). These approaches aim to help the clients to integrate their
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Physiological changes essay Many changes happen to an older person’s body as they age. Internal and external changes bring about fresh challenges to staying healthy. The physiological changes include gastrointestinal changes‚ muscular and skeletal system changes‚ as well as changes in organs. Along with these issues‚ senses begin to diminish. Everyday tasks become increasingly more difficult. Simply moving around during daily routines becomes difficult with age. These changes can cause secondary
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PHYSIOLOGICAL PSYCHOLOGY Physiological psychology focuses on the relationship between our biological makeup and our behaviour and experiences. This area of psychology can be very convincing. For example we do know that the structure of our nervous system (including our brains) and the action of chemicals can have an effect on our behaviour. Some physiological psychologists take a reductionist argument to answer the above question. That is‚ they argue that behaviour and experiences can
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Structural Fuctionalism The Structural Functionalism looks at society as a whole with small parts that must work together to make society run smoothly. The smaller units are known as institutions‚ these include inequality‚ family‚ education‚ religion‚ politics‚ and the economy. Structural Functionalism assumes that the majority of society shares the same core values and “appropriate” forms of behavior. It looks at how constant patterns of behavior or social structures function to apply society’s
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Unit 14 Physiological disorders Task1 P1 and P2 Physiological Disorder | Panic Disorder | Bipolar Disorder | Cause of Disorder | The causes of panic attacks and panic disorder are not so easy to understand.Normally the tendency to have panic attacks runs in families.This is always connected to the one of the major event of a person in his life graduating from college and entering the workplace‚ getting married‚ and having a baby. Severe stress‚ such as the death of a loved one‚ divorce‚ or job
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Functionalism and crime: In this essay I will be talking about the functionalist perspective on crime and deviance and be comparing it with the Marxist view. The main functionalist theories I will be examining are Merton’s strain theory‚ Cohen’s status frustration and Cloward and Ohlin’s three subcultures. Functionalists argue that crime and deviance is useful and necessary in society as they reinforce the consensus of values‚ norms and behaviour of the majority non-deviant population. Functionalists
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