Communicative Competence Dell Hymes The concept was introduced by the sociolinguist Dell Hymes as a response to the perceived limitations in Chomsky’s competence/performance model of language. It was also a reaction against Chomsky’s overemphasis on linguistic competence. Hymes defined cc as that aspect of our competence that enables us to convey and interpret messages and to negotiate meaning interpersonally within specific contexts. or Knowledge that enables a person to communicate functionally
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Communicative Competence What is Communicative Competence? Hymes The ability to interpret messages and negotiate meaning within specific contexts. Savignon An interpersonal construct examined by means of overt performance of two or more people in the process of communication. James Cummins (1980) CALP Cognitive/Academic Language Proficiency Context Reduced * Surface features of language * Focus on form * Used for classroom exercises * Communicative capacity of language
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Communicative Body The focal point of this past year‚ 2012‚ has been the presidential election. After twelve months of being bombarded with every and all types of political advertisements‚ debates‚ and analysis it brings to mind a single question: just how do the presidential candidates use the power of communication‚ through its many forms‚ to connect and gain the votes of the constituents? It may seem as though there is a straight forward answer to this particular question‚ and to a point
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hidden aspects of International Negotiations Nations have faced enormous increase in international negotiations from 20 years ago. In an increasingly globalized world‚ more businesses are trying to go beyond the borders. It is obvious that negotiations preceded all cosmopolitan commercial transactions such as a product sale‚ formation of a joint venture‚ merger or acquisitions of companies‚ or the licensing of the business to or from a foreign firm. Negotiations are unavoidable when an essential
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Communicative Language Teaching Today Jack C. Richards cambridge university press Cambridge‚ New York‚ Melbourne‚ Madrid‚ Cape Town‚ Singapore‚ São Paulo Cambridge University Press 32 Avenue of the Americas‚ New York‚ NY 10013-2473‚ USA www.cambridge.org © Cambridge University Press 2006 This book is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception and to the provisions of relevant collective licensing agreements‚ no reproduction of any part may take place without the written permission of Cambridge
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We all know that English is considered as the universal language. But most of the countries use it as their second language. First‚ it is a way of communication in business‚ negotiations & especially in academics. It plays an important role in the basic education‚ particularly to speaking and writing. Indeed English proficiency pertains to the ability to speak‚ read and write in English. To be considered as truly proficient‚ you should have an advanced skill in this. English
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101 / X / SA2 / 22 / B1 Class - X ENGLISH (Communicative) Time : 3 hours Maximum Marks : 80 Total No. of Pages : 9 The Question Paper is divided into four sections : Section A : Reading 20 Marks Section B : Writing 20 Marks Section C : Grammar 20 Marks Section D : Literature 20 Marks General Instructions : 1. All questions are compulsory. 2. You may attempt any section at a time. 3. All questions of a particular section must
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teaching and language testing. There has been a shift from analytical to integrative approach in both language teaching and language testing falling into three stages: ❖ Grammar –translation ❖ Structural ❖ Communicative Approach These three generations of language teaching are seen parallel to three generations of language testing. Through this shift‚ new ideas about language testing and new ways of evaluating the performance of language learners have
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Communicative Language Teaching The aim of this unit • To make you think about communicative approach to teaching languages • To analyse the concept of communicative competence • To reflect upon the communicative teaching techniques What do you have to do in this unit? • Warming up discussions • Input reading • Self-assessment questions (SAQS) • Exploratory tasks • Integrated task Warming up discussion 0 Warm up the concept of a “communicative situation” (situation‚ in which
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personality & your own attitude toward him‚ you also need to consider the negotiation basics‚ strategies‚ & process. You should know them all by heart & you have to be aware of that particular circumstance. It means‚ you need to comprehend the situation & utilize the right strategies. Now‚ after we talk about negotiation‚ we are going to move forward to the concept of effective negotiation. Effective negotiation will happen when the outcome is winning for all including separating the people
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