Problem 12- 6 Statement of — Direct Method The income statement for Astro Inc. for 2010 is as follows: For the Year Ended December 31‚ 2010 Sales revenue $ 500‚000 Cost of goods sold 400‚000 Gross profit $ 100‚000 Operating expenses 180‚000 Loss before interest and taxes $ ( 80‚000) Interest expense 20‚000 Net loss $( 100‚000) Presented here are comparative balance sheets: December 31 2010 2009 Cash $ 95‚000 $ 80
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COMMON-SIZE FINANCIAL STATEMENT ANALYSIS When all the items of a financial statement are expressed on a common basis‚ it is known as a common-size financial statement. Common-sizing of balance sheet is done generally by expressing its all items as a percentage of its total assets or total equities. Similarly‚ income statement is common-sized when its all items are expressed as percentage of total sales. PROCEDURE OF COMMON SIZING In preparing common-size income statement‚ the following procedure
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Common-Size Analysis When comparing financial statements‚ it is often necessary to compare successive years ’ statements of the same company or statements from companies of various sizes. Ordinary financial statements can make it difficult to recognize trends or spot disproportionate categories since the figures make it difficult to tell how much a category has changed in relation to the other categories. Common-size statements solve this problem by valuing all categories in relation to a base
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4-1 4 Income Statement Usefulness Predicting future performance. 4-2 Evaluate past performance. Help assess the risk or uncertainty of achieving future cash flows. Income Statement Limitations Companies omit items that cannot be measured reliably. 4-3 Income is affected by the accounting methods employed. Income measurement involves judgment. Income Statement Quality of Earnings Companies have incentives to manage income to meet or
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Common Size Statements are used to compare financial statements of different-size companies‚ or of the same company over different periods. Common-size analysis - (also called vertical analysis) expresses each line item on a single year’s financial statement as a percent. The base amount for the balance sheet is usually total assets (which is the same number as total liabilities plus stockholders’ equity)‚ and for the income statement it is usually net sales or revenues. By comparing two or more
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Kohl’s Corporation and Dillard’s‚ Inc. — Financial Statement Analysis EXCERPTED WITH PERMISSION FROM CASES IN FINANCIAL REPORTING SEVENTH EDITION ISBN: 978-1-934319-79-6 ELLEN ENGEL D. ERIC HIRST MARY LEA MCANALLY © Copyright 2012 by Cambridge Business Publishers‚ LLC. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form for any purpose without the written permission of the publisher. This document is authorized for use by michelle jeffalone‚ from 9/1/2014 to 12/31/2014
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TRUE-FALSE STATEMENTS 8. Closing entries are not needed if the business plans to continue operating in the future and issue financial statements each year. 9. The dividends account is closed to the Income Summary account in order to properly determine net income (or loss) for the period. 10. After closing entries have been journalized and posted‚ all temporary accounts in the ledger should have zero balances. 11. Closing revenue and expense accounts to the
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The Income Statement This indicates financial performance over a period of time. It is usually done at the end of a financial year (30th June)‚ but an income statement can be made up at other times‚ e.g.‚ if a business wishes to apply for a loan‚ the bank may ask for a more recent income statement. The other names for this kind of statement are Revenue Statement and Profit and Loss Statement. Income Statement for Ima Mess‚ year ended 30.6.12 |
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COMPARATIVE STATEMENT COMMON SIZE STATEMENT AND TREND ANALYSIS INTRODUCTION We know business is mainly concerned with the financial activities. In order to ascertain the financial status of the business every enterprise prepares certain statements‚ known as financial statements. Financial statements are mainly prepared for decision making purpose. But the information as is provided in the financial statements is not adequately helpful in drawing a meaningful conclusion. Thus‚ an effective analysis
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Income statement The income statement or the profit and loss account as it is also called measures reports how much profit (wealth) has the business generated over a period of time. To measure profit the total generated revenue over a period must be identified. Revenue is a measure of inflow of economic benefits arising from the operations of the business. These benefits will either result in an increase of assets such as cash or amounts owed to the business by the customers or a decrease
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