Definitions (2) 1. An examination and verification of a company’s financial and accounting records and supporting documents by a professional‚ such as a Certified Public Accountant. 2. An audit is an IRS examination of an individual or corporation’s tax return‚ to verify its accuracy. There are three types of audits: correspondence audits (the IRS mails a request for additional information)‚ office audits (an interview is conducted at a local IRS office)‚ and field audits (an interview is conducted
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ibility-survey-2008.pdf Metcash Limited Moir‚ L. (2001). What do we mean by Corporate Social Responsibility? Corporate Governance: The International Journal of Effective Board Performance‚ 16-22. Moroney‚ R.‚ Campbell‚ F.‚ & Hamilton‚ J. (2011). Auditing A Practical Approach. Milton: John Wiley & Sons Australia‚ Ltd. Myer Holdings Limited. (2011). 2011 Annual Report. Retrieved from http://media.corporate-ir.net/media_files/IROL/23/231681/Myer_Holdings_Limited_2011_Annual_Report_to_Shareholders.pdf
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MEANING OF AUDITING The word ‘Audit’ is originated from the Latin word ’Audire’ which means ’to hear’. In the earlier days‚ whenever there is suspected fraud in a business organization‚ the owner of the business would appoint a person to check the accounts and hear the explanations given by the person responsible for keeping the account and funds. In those days‚ the audit is done to find out whether the payments and receipt are properly accounted or not. The objective of modern day accounting
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Centro board and its auditor PricewaterhouseCoopers (PwC) were derelict in failing to inform shareholders of the current liability levels‚ that omission was not the only reason for Centro’s collapse. Rather‚ it was the extraordinary amount of leverage used and the ill-timed acquisition of US-BASED New Plan Excel Realty for $4.7billion in March 2007 that caused the down fall (Schwab 2011). Centro entered the US in 2006 with its acquisition of Heritage Property
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The CAF is used by people who work in organisations including schools and children’s centres and is used by practitioners in a wide range of settings and circumstances. The main aim is for everyone including children‚ young people and parents/carers to agree on the first steps and the different types of support
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Additional Cases for the Course The case readings have been developed solely as a basis for class discussion. The case readings are not intended to serve as a source of primary data or as an illustration of effective or ineffective auditing. Reprinted by permission from Jay C. Thibodeau and Deborah Freier. Copyright © Jay C. Thibodeau and Deborah Freier; all rights reserved. 1••• ( Case 61 ® Enron Enrori’s First Few Years hi~ 1985 Enron had assets along the three major stages of the supply
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23.1.1 A Proposed Framework for Behavioral Accounting Research Jacob G. Birnberg University of Pittsburgh ABSTRACT: Behavioral accounting research BAR is richer today‚ in the topics covered‚ the methods used‚ and the range of sub-areas of accounting in which it is performed‚ than ever before. This paper offers a framework within which BAR literature can be viewed as a whole rather than in segments‚ such as by accounting sub-areas or by research method. The framework classifies BAR by the
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function. Internal auditors should read these guidelines in conjunction with the Approved Auditing Standards contained in the Members’ Handbook and the Institute’s By-Laws (On Professional Ethics‚ Conduct and Practice) [Issued January 2007] and any requirements regarding internal audit set out in the relevant statutes or regulations. These guidelines are intended to be persuasive only. A glossary of terms used in these guidelines are given in the appendix to the guideline. :: OBJECTIVES AND SCOPE OF
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Is the demand for auditing a regulatory artifact or market driven? Pre SEC era: There is evidence that before legislation on auditing existed there were still forms of auditing. In the medieval times there were the guilds‚ later audits were conducted by directors or shareholders of a company. In the 19th century US companies voluntarily contracted for audits. Current data on non-SEC companies In 1977‚ 80% of corporate audit clients of PwC are non-SEC-registrants (Biegler 1977). Privately owned
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AUDIT EVIDENCE Audit Evidence Definition : All the information used by the auditor in arriving at the conclusions on which the audit opinion is based. This includes the information contained in the account records underlying the financial statements and other information. Additionally‚ audit evidence should be persuasive‚ rather than convincing. There are different levels of reliability of audit evidence‚ some providing more evidence than others. There are nine types of audit evidence
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