Experiment 2: Fractional Distillation of a Mixture of Two Unknowns Background: Boiling is a process familiar to anyone who has cooked pasta or brewed tea. As heat is applied to a pan of water‚ the temperature of the water increases until it reaches 100°C (212°F). At this temperature‚ additional heat causes the water to bubble vigorously as the liquid water is converted into gaseous water‚ or steam. Most organic liquids will behave in a similar fashion. On heating‚ the temperature of the liquid
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Isolation of Essential Oils by Steam Distillation Procedure Part A Apparatus 1.) Using a 20- or 25-mL round-bottom flask (for distillation) and a 10-mL round-bottom flask (for collection) assemble a distillation apparatus 2.) Use an aluminum block to heat and insert a water condenser 3.) The collection flask may be immersed in ice to ensure condensation of the distillate Preparing the Spice 1.) Weigh approximately 1.0 g of your spice or herb onto a piece of weighing paper and record the exact
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COMMON TECHNICAL DOCUMENT CEFTEN (CEFTIBUTEN CAPSULES 400 MG) MODULE 3 QUALITY 3.1 MODULE 3 TABLE OF CONTENT Sr. No. | Contents | Page No. | 3.1 | MODULE 3 TABLE OF CONTENT | 2 | 3.2 | BODY OF DATA | 4 | 3.2.S | Drug Substance | 4 | 3.2.P | Drug Product | 5 | 3.2.P.1 | Description and Composition of the Drug Product | 5 | 3.2.P.2 | Pharmaceutical Development | 6 | 3.2.P.2.1 | Components of the Drug Product | 8 | 3.2.P.2.1.1 | Drug Substance | 8 | 3.2.P
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Salinity is the measure and concentration of all the salts dissolved in water. Usually measured in parts per thousand (ppt or )‚ ocean salinity is 35ppt and the average river water salinity is 0.5ppt or less (University of Rhode Island). Many factors go into salinity‚ making water salty. To name a few‚ salinity affects the environment through sediment from rocks washes into the ocean‚ evaporation of ocean water‚ and sea ice formation are known to increase the salinity of the ocean (NASA). It
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Almost everything in our world has some of their origins from chemicals‚ scientists in the chemical industries are always working to find ways to make these chemicals useful to us‚ they bring improvements into daily use substances like paints‚ medicines‚ cosmetics and plastics‚ so that they are more environmentally sustainable‚ and efficient. Scientists employed in the chemical industry trained and specialising in chemistry are called chemists. A chemist can gain expertise in a range of chemistry
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Candy Chromatography By: Avani Reddy 7th Grade Introduction Ever wondered why candies are different colors? Ever wondered why candies are different colors? Many candies contain colored dyes. Bags of M&Ms or Skittles contain candies of various colors. The labels tell us the names of the dyes used in the candies. But which dyes are used in which candies? We can answer this by dissolving the dyes out of the candies and separating them using a method called chromatography. Research
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J. of Advanced Engineering and Technology Vol. 2‚ No. 2 (2009) pp. 281-283 Synthesis of 2-Acetylcyclohexanone Using Pyrrolidine-enamine Eun-SunYoo Department of Oriental Medicine Industry‚ Honam University‚ Korea (Received : May. 20‚ 2009‚ Revised : Jun. 02‚ 2009‚ Accepted : Jun. 12‚ 2009) Abstract : 2-Acetylcyclohexanone was synthesized by acylation reaction of acidic anhydride using enamine as organiocatalyst instead of a strong base‚ NaOH‚ resulting in milder reaction conditions. The
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De Footer‚ H.L.‚ & De Buyck‚ L.F. (1991). A comparative study of the essential oils from three Melaleuca species growing in Egypt. Flavour and Fragrance Journal‚ 6‚ 139–141. Adams‚ R.P. (1995). Identification of Essential Oil Components by Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectroscopy. Carol Stream‚ IL: Allured Publ. Corp. Bailey‚ L.H. (1968). Manual of cultivated Plants (p. 726). New York: The MacMillan Company. Bentham‚ G. (1866). Flora of Australiensis: a description of the plants of the Australian territory
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while Succinimide looked like crystals. The two mixed melting point range trials confirmed this. Unknown number 18 is Benzoic Acid. A possible alternative would be Succinimide‚ because of the close melting points. Another possible alternative is Fluorene‚ which melts at slightly lower temperatures than my unknown does. Benzoic Acid is C7H6O2. Its structure is: My percent recovery was 28.26%. During the dissolving of my unknown‚ there was still undissolved solid. This could have led to a smaller
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Group 2 LS212 Science 8 Members: Cabatay‚ Christian George Castro‚ Aaron Kleber Dimaculangan‚ Martin Carandang‚ Morena Aura Co‚ Romina Rose Cornejo‚ Arianne Kayla Ingridients with specific amount | Nutritional value | Use / Purposes of the ingridients | Cell Processes involved | Remarks | 1 cup Vinegar | Calcium‚ magnesium‚ phosphorus and potassium. | Vinegar is an acid liquid obtained from an alcoholic liquid‚ as cider‚ by oxidation
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