------------------------------------------------- Impacts of Applications of Chemistry on Society and the Environment ------------------------------------------------- Open Ended Investigation Madeline De-Sanctis INTRODUCTION From the earliest times‚ Chemistry has played a pivotal role in the advancement and enrichment of civilization‚ although sometimes it has also caused harmful and occasional long-reaching catastrophic effects on the environment. The importance of this sphere of science can
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Lab Protocol #8 - Dehydration of 3‚3-dimethyl-2-butanol KEYWORDS: alkenes‚ E2‚ E1‚ carbocation stability‚ elimination A. Introduction. The dehydration of alcohols is an ELIMINATION reaction that is commonly used to form alkene molecules. The mechanism for the dehydration of alcohols consists of transforming the –OH functional group into a better leaving group by using a strong acid to protonate the alcohol. After –OH has been transformed into –OH2+‚ it becomes easier to break the σ-bond between the
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properties and non-volatiles (sugars‚ organic acids and phenolic acids). The volatile components of manually squeezed calamansi juices were extracted using dichloromethane and headspace solid-phase microextraction‚ and then analysed using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry/flame ionisation detector‚ respectively. A total of 60 volatile compounds were identified. The results indicated that the Vietnam calamansi juice contained the highest amount of volatiles. Two principal components obtained from
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A Level Science Applications Support Booklet: Chemistry A Level Science Applications Support Booklet: Chemistry Contents INTRODUCTION....................................................................................................................................1 1 – THE CHEMISTRY OF LIFE .............................................................................................................2 1.1 – Introduction ........................................................................
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The injector‚ column and detector temperatures were maintained at 57° C‚ 180° C and 50° C‚ resp. The concentrations of volatile fatty acids and alcohols were determined by a second GC thereof model‚ which was equipped with a flame ionization detector and a 10 mx 0.53 mm Hewlett Packard FFAP fused silica capillary column‚ according to the procedure described by Yu and Fang (2000) procedures. The glucose concentration
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monomer styrene first has to be purified before it can be used. The purification is performed in order to remove inhibitors and impurities‚ which can have a detrimental effect on the reaction. Styrene is purified by passing the monomer through a column of activated basic aluminum oxide and by this treatment the inhibitors and impurities are adsorbed. The styrene used in this laboratory experiment has already been purified in this way‚ and has then been kept in a refrigerator to prevent thermal
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SCHOOL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY VIGNAN UNIVERSITY: Vadlamudi B .Tech- BIOTECHNOLOGY STUDENTS FORMAT –FORSUBMITTION OF PROJECT REPORT (MINI PROJECT) 1. Title/Component of the Project 2. Introduction about the topic 3. Previous studies 4. Objective 5. Methodology/ Material & Methods 6. Process 7. Results and Discussions 8. Bibliography/ References STUDIES ON AFLATOXIN PRESENT IN CHILLES A Mini Project Report Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the
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C5-C30 n-alkanes were used to made retention indices (RI) and 2‚4‚6-trimethylpyridine (TMP‚ purity 99 %‚ I.S.) was used to internal standard which were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Trading Co.‚ Ltd (Shanghai‚ China). Mono Trap (MT) (Diameter 2.9 mm ×Length 5 mm‚ Hole Diameter 1 mm) (ODS‚ silica gel and activated carbon) was used for headspace MMSE was obtained from GL Science (Shinjuku‚ Tokyo‚ Japan). Extraction of volatile compounds Fish sauce samples were extracted volatile compounds by Monolithic
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Barnidipine hydrochloride is ([3S]-l-benzyl-3-pyrrolidinyl methyl [4S]-2‚6-dimethyl-4-[m-nitrophenyl]-l‚4-dihydropyridine-3‚5-dicarboxylate hydrochloride) has been synthesized and developed as an antihypertensive drug by Yamanouchi Pharmaceutical Co Ltd. (Tokyo‚ Japan). Physicochemically‚ Barnidipine hydrochloride differs from other dihydropyridines‚ such as nifedipine or nisoldipine‚ in its water solubility. The solubility of Barnidipine at room temperature is 2.89 mg/ml [1]. Literature review reveals
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In IC‚ the analyte is injected into the eluent‚ which then passes through a column and separates ions between a stationary and mobile phase (Harris & Lucy‚ chap. 26). Depending on how well the anions stick to the column will determine the retention order of the element. Since the anions that are smaller in size and have higher negative charges will stick to the stationary phase the best‚ the first
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