Title: Ant colony optimization techniques for the vehicle routing problemAuthor: John E. Bell‚ Patrick R. McMullenYear: 2004 | Representation: finding the minimum distance or cost of the combined routes of a number of vehicles m that must service a number of customers n.Fitness Function: * Each customer is visited only once by a single vehicle. * Each vehicle must start and end its route at the depot‚ v0. * Total demand serviced by each vehicle cannot exceed Q.Performance:Ant colony optimization
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Europe the ability to reach “hard-to-get” areas and even connected them with the new world which in turn increased trade happening between the two regions. Over all‚ after 1500 CE‚ there were more routes and ways to be able to trade and communicate effectively. This also ended up connecting Europe and Asia which did all of the previously mentioned things and formed colonies. Some technical developments that made transoceanic European travel and trade possible could be the astrolabe. The astrolabe was
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The North American Colonies are split up into three sub colonies; the sub colonies are the New England Colony‚ the Middle Colony‚ and the Southern Colony. The New England Colony consists of Rhode Island‚ Connecticut‚ Massachusetts‚ and New Hampshire. The Middle Colony consists of Delaware‚ Pennsylvania‚ New York‚ and New Jersey. The Southern Colony consists of Maryland‚ Virginia‚ North Carolina‚ South Carolina‚ and Georgia. The economies that developed in these three areas are very different. The
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APUSH 1st Quarter Paper Research Many religious groups journeyed to America to form one of the original thirteen colonies on the basis of their religious beliefs. Although the plan was to escape persecution‚ there was some amount of persecution happening in the colonies as they brought the circle of hatred back round – one gets hurt so they hurt another. In this paper I will discuss the religions that came out of the three main sects: Judaism‚ Roman Catholic and Protestants; and how act
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were thirteen original colonies in the North American region. The first English colonies settled off the coast of the Atlantic and started expanding west. The colonies have been placed into three regions the New England colonies‚ Middle colonies‚ and the Southern colonies. New England colonies consisted of (New Hampshire‚ Rode Island‚ Connecticut‚ and Massachusetts). The Middle colonies consisted of (New York‚ Pennsylvania‚ New Jersey‚ and Delaware). The Southern colonies consisted of (The Carolinas
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Northern‚ Middle‚ and Southern Colonies America has always been a land of diversity. This dates back to the first English settlements in North America. In the beginning‚ the colonies were divided up into three distinct areas: northern colonies‚ middle colonies‚ and southern colonies. Massachusetts‚ New Hampshire‚ Connecticut‚ and Rhode Island comprised the northern colonies; New York‚ Delaware‚ New Jersey‚ and Pennsylvania made up the middle colonies; and Virginia‚ Maryland‚ Carolina‚ North Carolina
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The New England and Southern Colonies When the thirteen colonies were finally established in America‚ they were divided into three geographic areas. Two of them were the New England Colonies (Connecticut‚ Rhode Island‚ New Hampshire‚ and Massachusetts) and the Southern colonies (South Carolina‚ North Carolina‚ Virginia‚ Maryland‚ and Georgia). Although they had many things in common‚ both of them had their own religious freedoms‚ crop harvests‚ economies‚ and lifestyles by the end of the seventeenth
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two major rivers and had soil rich in phosphorus and potash. They settled there for trade‚ investment of resources‚ and relief from population growth and drought. But during the 700 b.c Greeks established colonies in southern Italy‚ Egypt‚ Sicily‚ and even the Middle East. With having colonies in the Middle East and Egypt‚ it made trade routes to major civilizations a lot easier and quicker.
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In the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries‚ the Northern and Southern colonies were extremely different. Each “section” of America was socially‚ economically‚ and politically dissimilar from the next. From the beginning‚ it was difficult to picture the colonies as their own separate nation due to a lack of colonial unity. In the Southern plantation colonies‚ social structure was molded mostly by the emphasis on slavery and racism that was perpetuated. A hierarchy of status and wealth similar to
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Geography’s effect on the English colonies is indisputable‚ but was it the primary factor for shaping the colonies? I think it is‚ whether it was good or bad the geography always played an important part in the lives of the English colonist. From the swampy terrain of Jamestown to the bays of the Northern colonies‚ each played an integral part in the development of the colonies. I’ll start with Jamestown‚ one of the first colonies to make it. The beginning of Jamestown was almost it’s end‚ the
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