Cola Wars Continue: Coke and Pepsi in the 21st Century Concentrate Producers and Bottlers were two of the four major participants that were involved in the production and distribution of Carbonated Soft Drinks (CSDs) in the United States. The Concentrate Producers (CPs) were responsible for blending raw material ingredients‚ packaging the blend in plastic canisters‚ and shipping it to the Bottler. Using Porter’s Five Forces analysis for the CPs industry‚ we determined that
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Image/Loyalty: It is virtually impossible for a new entrant to match this scale in the market. * Retail Distribution: Significant margins of 15-20% for the shelf space. New entrant finds it hard to convince the retails for this space. * Price Wars: New entrant does not stand a chance due to the large scale production of Pepsi and Coke. * Commodity Ingredients: Basic commodities are Sugar‚Additives‚Colour‚Flavour.The producers have no say over the pricing hence the suppliers are weak in this
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Summary: "Cola Wars Continue: Coke and Pepsi in the 21st Century” explains the economics of the soft drink industry and its relation with profits‚ taking into account all stages of the value chain of the soft drink industry. By focusing on the war between Coca-Cola and PepsiCo as market leaders in this industry – with a 90% market share in carbonated beverages – the study analyses the different stages of the value chain (concentrate producers‚ bottlers‚ retail channels‚ suppliers) and the impact
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M4-1 MODULE 4 Game Theory LEARNING OBJECTIVES After completing this supplement‚ students will be able to: 1. Understand the principles of zero-sum‚ two-person games. 2. Analyze pure strategy games and use dominance to reduce the size of a game. 3. Solve mixed strategy games when there is no saddle point. SUPPLEMENT OUTLINE M4.1 M4.2 M4.3 M4.4 M4.5 M4.6 Introduction Language of Games The Minimax Criterion Pure Strategy Games Mixed Strategy Games Dominance Summary
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Sharaf Mr. Thomas Kaster Pre Calculus January 21‚ 2013 Math Game Theory: Research Paper A strategy game is mainly based on decision making-skills. There are many strategy games found and one thing they have in common is that they all require internal decision style thinking. The Greek word “strategy” comes from the word meaning generalship. Some examples of strategy games would be tic-tac tow‚ chess etc. Game strategies are largely related to math because even though they don’t require
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organizations profitability as compared to its competitors in the same industry by looking at 5 forces of stress. Coca-Cola deals with a lot of pressure in the concentrate business‚ most specifically with Pepsi. I will analyze the 5 forces model to determine Coca-Colas overall profitability. The 5 forces model begins by looking at rivalry between established competitors. Coca-Cola has a direct rivalry with Pepsi in the fact that they make and distribute an almost identical product used for the same
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Solution to Tutorial 1 2011/2012 Semester I MA4264 Tutor: Xiang Sun∗ August 24‚ 2011 Game Theory 1 Review • “Static” means one-shot‚ or simultaneous-move; “Complete information” means that the payoff functions are common knowledge. • Normal-form representation: G = {S1 ‚ . . . ‚ Sn ; u1 ‚ . . . ‚ un }‚ where n is finite. • si is strictly dominated by si ‚ if ui (si ‚ s−i ) < ui (si ‚ s−i )‚ ∀s−i ∈ S−i . • Rational players do not play strictly dominated strategies‚ since they are always not
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Cola wars continue: Coke and Pepsi in 2010 (HBS 9-711-462) a. Use the 5-forces framework to explain why the soft drink concentrate industry has been so profitable. The soft drink concentrate industry has been very profitable for over 100 years. The reason can easily be found by analyzing the concentrate industry using the 5-forces model. According to the 5-forces model‚ each industry’s profitability can be assessed considering the five forces that influence the market – The rivalry among existing
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scenario. After that the solution concepts are selected in order to acquire a prediction about the possible behavior of the players and outcomes of their actions. These results will be obtained through implementation of the equilibrium concepts like game theory selected for the current strategic framework and predictions will be made. Last section presents the discussion on the importance of results obtained through the implementation of the concept solutions. Relevance from Strategic Perspective
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Game Theory – 21 flags winning strategy There were 21 flags and each player had the opportunity to remove 1‚2‚ or 3 flags. The player that removes the last flags will be the winning team. By applying the backwards induction theory‚ think backwards in time and the optimal winning strategy is to leave the opponent player 4 flags by each step to remove the flags so that the remaining number is divisible by 4. The player that has the first attempt to remove the 1st flag will control the 100%
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