The varicella zoster virus (VZV) causes chickenpox and herpes zosters. Primary infection from exposure through direct contact with a skin lesion or through airborne respiratory droplets leads to chickenpox‚ usually seen in children. After the initial infection‚ the virus is latent in the cranial nerve and dorsal root ganglia‚ and can reactivate later in life as herpes zoster (HZ)‚ also called shingles. Shingles has a household transmission rate of 15% while chickenpox has an 85% risk of transmission
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A phantom limb is the belief that a limb that has been removed or amputated is still present in the body and performing its normal functions. Amputees usually experience sensations including pain in the phantom limb. It is estimated that more than 80% of patients with partial or total loss of a limb develop chronic phantom-limb pain (PLP)‚ pain that seems to be located in the missing limb. Risks factors for PLP include gender (PLP being more common in women)‚ upper extremity amputation‚ presence
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the three separate components Codeine- Page 324-326 Acetaminophen- Page 62-64 Caffeine Acetaminophen: Nonopiod analgesic Use: mild to moderate pain or fever Codeine: opiate analgesic Use: Moderate to severe pain Caffeine: used to counteract the sedative of the codeine. Recommended Codeine- 30mg Acetaminophen- 325mg Caffeine – 8 mg PO/IM/SUBCUT Acetaminophen: may block pain impulses peripherally. Does not possess anti-inflammatory properties Codeine: depresses pain impulses at the
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Psychoactive Drugs are chemical substances that alter behavior‚ mood‚ perception‚ or mental functioning. Through the consumption of substances many cultures have found ways to alter consciousness. Psychoactive substances apply their effects by transforming biochemical or physiological processes in the brain. The message system of nerve cells‚ or neurons‚ relies on both electrical and chemical transmission. Neurons rarely touch each other; there is a microscopic gap between one neuron and the next
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Saint Jude Catholic School High School Department “The Effect of Coke with Lemon and Ginger as a Medicine for Coughs and Colds” In Partial Fulfillments of the Requirements in BIOLOGY 1st Quarter Submitted by: 15 See‚ Adrian Submitted to: Mr. Jun dela Bajan July 29 ‚2011 I. Statement of the Problem Cold and coughs are the most common diseases. Medicines are very expensive. Coke mixed together with lemon‚ and ginger can relieve coughs and colds. II
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Adrenergic Agonists (a.k.a. Sympathomimetic Drugs) I. Direct stimulants of α and β receptors 1. Epinephrine (Adrenaline) 2. Norepinephrine (Levophed) 3. Levonordefrin (Neo-Cobefrin) 4. Dopamine (Intropin) 5. Ephedrine II. Direct stimulants of α receptors (α agonists) 1. Phenylephrine (Neo-synephrine) III. Direct stimulants of β receptors (β agonists) 1. Isoproterenol (Isuprel) 2. Selective stimulants of β2 receptors in the bronchi (for asthma) 2.a. Salbutanol (Ventolin) 2.b. Terbutaline
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nicotine ‚ which are also drugs of dependence ( ) . With that being said narcotics are drugs used to alleviate pain ‚ induce relaxtion and pleasant reverie ‚ and also alleviate anxiety and tension. Eaxamples of narcotics are : Opium‚ Morphine‚ Codeine‚ and also Heroin. Sedatives are drugs used to reduce tension ‚ facilitate social interaction ‚ “blot out” feelings or events ‚ and also reduce tension. The major sedatives are alcohol (ethanol) . Stimulants are used to decrease feelings of fatigue
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comfortable lying down then in any other position. She is still working full-time but is not doing the heavy lifting at this time. She has been going to a chiropractor for the last 2 months with no pain relief. She is taking Flexeril‚ Norflex‚ Tylenol with Codeine‚ and Darvocet. All of these have failed to improve her symptoms. She had a CT scan done recently. PAST HISTORY: A cesarean section in 1990. ALLERGIES: No known drug allergies. FAMILY HISTORY: The patient was adopted and does not know her
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nitrogen and having the properties of an organic amine base [alkaline‚ hence‚ alkaloid]. Typical alkaloids are caffeine‚ nicotine‚ morphine‚ codeine‚ and cocaine. RO O N CH3 C HO Caffeine H3C N O CH3 N N CH3 CO2CH3 N N CH3 O H O O N N CH3 is found caffeine in tea nicotine (from tobacco) (-) cocaine (from coca plant) morphine‚ R = H codeine‚ R = CH3 leaves‚ coffee beans‚ kola nuts‚ and cocoa beans. The table belowgives the amount of caffeine in the various beverages prepared
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Can Kratom Solve The Prescription Drug Abuse Problem? The war on drugs has been an ongoing battle for the past 40-50 years. Despite adding legislative measures to help prevent the use‚ manufacture‚ and distribution of these illicit substances‚ it continues to burden the government and affect so many lives of the people. Notwithstanding the dangerous effects of what these drugs may do to one’s body‚ still more people are enticed to try them which eventually leads them to drug addiction. Prescription
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