Probiotics and clinical effects: is the number what counts? Bertazzoni E‚ Donelli G‚ Midtvedt T‚ Nicoli J‚ Sanz Y. Source Department of Public Health and Community Medicine‚ Pharmacology Section‚ Policlinico ’G. B. Rossi ’‚ Verona‚ Italy. Abstract Probiotics are defined as ’live microorganisms that when administered in adequate amounts confer health benefits on the host ’‚ underlining the need of microbial viability and the requirement of a suitable dose to obtain a health benefit. The dose
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^Definition of Microbiology – the study of microorganisms‚ which are organisms or agents‚ which are too small to be observed with the unaided eye. Objects having a diameter of less than 0.1mm cannot be seen with out the use of a microscope. Why do we study microbiology? Because microorganisms have a close association with us – the microbes are in us‚ on us and everything around us. They are essential for our own survival – we need them‚ they do not need us. Food Microbiology – a field on applied
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A microorganism (from the Greek: μικρός‚ mikros‚ "small" and ὀργανισμός‚ organismós‚ "organism") is a microscopic organism‚ which may be a single cell[1] or multicellular organism. The study of microorganisms is called microbiology‚ a subject that began with Antonie van Leeuwenhoek’s discovery of microorganisms in 1675‚ using a microscope of his own design. Microorganisms are very diverse and include all the bacteria and archaea and almost all the protozoa. They also include some members of the
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MEDICINE JUNE 2013 By FCPS PART 1 Qbank Facebook Page Thanks to Zoha Ali & Asad Ali 1.Scenario: Lady with dry eyes and dry mouth... diagnosis is a.Sjogren(Ans) b.Milkulicz syndrome? 2 Smooth and cordinated movement by a. basal ganglia(Ans) b. spinocerebellar 3.Scenario: elderly‚diplopia‚granuloma‚raised b.p a. giant cell arteritis(Ans) b. takayasu disease c. wegeners Granulomatosis 4. Zinc required for a cellular oxiadtion(Ans) b glucose oxidation c 5. Maxillary artery form
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organic acids; (3) amino acids; (4) enzymes; (5) organic solvents; and (6) synthetic fuels. Some Microbial Species Used for Producing Commercial Products. Industrial Chemicals Saccharomyces cerevisisae Ethanol (from Kluyveromyces fragilis glucose) Clostridium Ethanol (from acetobutylicum lactose) Asergillus niger Acetone and Butanol Citric acid Amino Acids and Flavor-enhancing Nucleotides Corynebacterium L-Lysine glutamicum 5’- inosinic acid and Corynebacterium 5’ – guanylic acid glutamicum MSG Corynebacterium
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SHOULD ANY VACCINES BE REQUIRED FOR CHILDREN? SHOULD ANY VACCINES BE REQUIRED FOR CHILDREN? Most Vaccinations protect people from certain diseases which can make them sick‚ disabled or can in some cases even kill them. The vaccination helps boosts people’s body’s defence system‚ also known as the immune system. Vaccines create immunity which protects people from infections without causing suffering of the disease itself. Vaccines can also be called shots‚ immunizations or needles. (Smith
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Diversity of Life Concept 1.2 Organizing the diversity of life Diversity the hallmark of life So far about 1.8 million specie have been identified and named by biologists To this date‚ diversity of life includes at least 6300 species of prokaryotes 100000 fungi 290000 plants 52000 vertebrates 1 million insects Researchers add about 1000 more species each year Total number of species range from 10 million to over 100 million Grouping Species: The Basic Idea Taxonomy branch of biology
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CONSEJO NACIONAL DE VACUNACIÓN PRESIDENTE DR. JOSÉ ANGEL CÓRDOVA VILLALOBOS Secretario de Salud COORDINADOR GENERAL DR. MAURICIO HERNÁNDEZ ÁVILA Subsecretario de Prevención y Promoción de la Salud SECRETARIA TÉCNICA DRA. VESTA LOUISE RICHARDSON LÓPEZ-COLLADA Directora General del Centro Nacional para la Salud de la Infancia y Adolescencia VOCALES MTRO. JUAN FRANCISCO MOLINAR HORCASITAS Director General del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social LIC. MIGUEL ÁNGEL YUNES LINARES Director General del
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Difco & BBL Manual Manual of Microbiological Culture Media Second Edition Editors Mary Jo Zimbro‚ B.S.‚ MT (ASCP) David A. Power‚ Ph.D. Sharon M. Miller‚ B.S.‚ MT (ASCP) George E. Wilson‚ MBA‚ B.S.‚ MT (ASCP) Julie A. Johnson‚ B.A. BD Diagnostics – Diagnostic Systems 7 Loveton Circle Sparks‚ MD 21152 Copyright 2009 Becton‚ Dickinson and Company 7 Loveton Circle P.O. Box 999 Sparks‚ Maryland 21152 ISBN 0-9727207-1-5 All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America AOAC
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Rebekah May Taylor - 20086758 The Role of Nutrition in Health and Diet-related Diseases Contents 1. Metabolic Processes 3 1.1. Anabolism 3 1.2. Catabolism 4 1.3. Digestion and Absorption 6 1.4. Amino Acid Interconversion 1.5. Respiration 8 1.5.1. Glycolysis 8 1.5.2. Link Reaction 9 1.5.3. Krebs Cycle 9 1.5.4. Electron Transport Chain 10 1.5.5. Anaerobic Respiration 10 2
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