The Carbon Cycle The element Carbon is the principle block for the organic compounds that make up life. This is because the study of the Carbon Cycle draws upon theories from biology‚ chemistry‚ geology and oceanography in order to understand the movement of carbon throughout the atmosphere‚ hydrosphere‚ and geosphere. Carbon is made up of four electrons that are able to form with each other; this causes the many different forms of carbon. The most popular form of carbon is carbon dioxide; this
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The Calvin Cycle Plants use energy from the sun in tiny energy factories called chloroplasts. Using chlorophyll in the process of photosynthesis‚ they convert the sun’s energy into storable form in ordered sugar molecules such as glucose. In this way‚ carbon dioxide from the air and water from the soil in a more disordered state are combined to form the more ordered sugar molecules. Carbon dioxide is captured in a cycle of reactions known as the Calvin cycle or the Calvin-Benson cycle after its
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Charles Parker Investigation 6: The Copper Cycle CHEM 101 Lab-M/630 As an investigation of the copper cycle lab group 6 conducted an experiment on 6 October 2014 at Arizona State University laboratory that would demonstrate the cycle of reactions that copper (Cu) can produce when introduced to with other substances/reactant. The purpose of the investigation was to notice the transformation of a specific quantity of copper wire (g) as it undergoes its coordination reactions until a reduction method
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ACIDS AND BASES The reason that acid-base reactions are so important is that many of the things you come into contact with on a daily basis are either acids or bases. Most fruits are acids‚ as are carbonated beverages‚ tea‚ and battery acid. Common household bases include baking soda‚ ammonia‚ soap‚ and antacids. What are acids and bases? There are not one but three common definitions used to describe acids and bases: 1. Arrhenius acids and bases 2. Brønsted-Lowry acids and bases 3. Lewis acids
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BRONSTED-LOWRY ACIDS AND BASES 1. The Bronsted-Lowry definition There are many definitions of acids and bases in existence‚ but the most useful one is the Bronsted-Lowry definition: An acid is a substance which can behave as a proton (re presented as a hydrogen ion‚ H+) donor. Any substance which contains hydrogen bonded to a more electronegative element can thus behave as an acid: HCl == H+ + Cl- H2SO4 == H+ + HSO4- A base is a substance which can behave as a proton acceptor. Any
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Nitric acid is a highly reactive oxidizing agent used in making fertilizers‚ explosives‚ and rocket fuels‚ and in a wide variety of industrial metallurgical processes. It is also a component of acid rain. Its chemical formula is HNO3 and it has been known as “aqua fortis”‚ which means strong water‚ to alchemists. It is a transparent‚ colorless to yellowish‚ fuming corrosive liquid. Nitric acid is a strong acid and therefore it completely dissociates in water. It has a gravity of 1.41 and the concentration
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Cause and Effect on Acid Rain Introduction Beautifully crafted statues are now worn out or severely damaged‚ aquatic wildlife population are dying off‚ forests have lost the leaves that protect their trees and produce food‚ and the rates of lung diseases in humans are rising around the world. The cause of all of these problems can be linked back to acid rain. Most people don’t understand the concept or science behind acid rain. The common belief is that it’s a natural process‚ but it’s actually
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released from Alanine‚ oxidized by soil microbes‚ absorbed by a root‚ and reduced and assimilated into aspartic acid is known as the Nitrogen Cycle. This cycle is necessary because there is a shortage of nitrogen in the soil; therefore‚ most of the soil nitrogen is obtained from dead organic materials such as Amino Acids. The first step in this process is nitrogen being released from the amino acid. This process is known as ammonification. Alanine is used as an organic source because it is found in humus
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Acid rain is a rain or any other form of precipitation that is unusually acidic‚ meaning that it possesses elevated levels of hydrogen ions (low pH). It can have harmful effects on plants‚ aquatic animals and infrastructure. Acid rain is caused by emissions of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide‚ which react with the water molecules in the atmosphere to produce acids. Governments have made efforts since the 1970s to reduce the release of sulfur dioxide into the atmosphere with positive results. Nitrogen
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EMISSIONS FROM ADIPIC ACID AND NITRIC ACID PRODUCTION A C K N O WL E D G E M E N T S This paper was written by Heike Mainhardt (ICF Incorporated) and reviewed by Dina Kruger (USEPA). ABSTRACT Nitrous oxide (N2O) is generated as a by-product during the production of adipic acid and nitric acid. The main use for adipic acid is as a component of nylon-6/6; thus production trends are closely correlated with nylon consumption trends. Worldwide‚ there are very few adipic acid plants. The U.S. is
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