Link reaction The link reaction takes place in the mitochondrial matrix and its main function is to turn the pyruvate into acetate for the kerb cycle. During the link reaction the pyruvate molecule undergoes decarboxylation and dehydrogenation‚ the enzymes pyruvate decarboxylase and pyruvate dehydrogenase remove the carboxyl group (which becomes a carbon dioxide molecule) and removes the hydrogen atoms from the pyruvate molecule. The coenzyme NAD accepts the two hydrogen atoms and becomes reduced
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II and PSI – what is happening (electron transport chain‚ proton gradient‚ etc) how do plants use this to make ATP PSII makes oxygen gas‚ PSI makes NADPH Mitochondria vs. chloroplasts – similarities‚ evolutionary connections‚ etc Calvin cycle – who‚ what‚ how; starting material (CO2) Know RuPB and rubisco; know what compound is turned into sugars (G3P); To make 1 G3P takes 3 CO2 + 9 ATP + 6 NADPH Chapter 9 Signal transduction – who‚ what‚ why; Know the 5 methods of cell
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TCA cycle‚ all of which also occurs in the mitochondria‚ to generate ATP and NADH through the complete oxidation of the molecule (generating water and CO2). In summary‚ a net-gain of 8 NADH‚ 2 FADH2‚ 2 ATP and 6 CO2 are produced for each glucose molecule converted to pyruvate that enters the mitochondria. Glycolytic oscillations Oscillation is a phenomenon that regularly occurs
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membrane c. Both chloroplasts and mitochondria have an internal compartment‚ the thylakoid space bounded by the thylakoid membrane d. Both chloroplasts and mitochondria contain DNA. Sol. Correct choice: (3) Q. 7. The overall goal of glycolysis‚ Krebs cycle and the electron transport system is the formation of: a.
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found in our bodies. Through a complex series of chemical reactions glycogen breaks down into ATP as well as lactic acid. This system supplies ATP slower than the Phosphocreatine system. The body cannot produce enough ATP to maintain this energy source for longer than around 2 minutes. There is a limit to anaerobic respiration because of the lactic acid. The buildup of lactic acid will end up stopping the movement of the muscles are it beings to become painful. The anaerobic energy system is commonly
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They measure roughly 23 mm in length and have a short life cycle of about 2 to 3 months (Mason‚ 1998). Given the association between metabolic rate‚ respiratory quotient‚ and nutrition the current study was performed to determine the effect of diet on the metabolic rate and respiratory quotient on the mealworm.
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The Mystery of the Seven Deaths: A Case Study in Cellular Respiration In this case study‚ there were seven murders of which the cause is hypoxia. All seven victims were from the same neighborhood with similar symptoms. These symptoms are dizziness‚ confusion‚ headache‚ shortness of breath‚ and vomiting. The individuals in this case study are in fact similar. They all have the same symptoms‚ and live in the same area. Questions a chief medical officer would ask are; how was the individual acting
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Question 1 2.5 out of 2.5 points The second law of thermodynamics holds that Answer Selected Answer: energy disperses spontaneously. Correct Answer: energy disperses spontaneously. Question 2 2.5 out of 2.5 points The minimum amount of energy needed to get a chemical reaction started is called the ___ energy. Answer Selected Answer: activation Correct Answer: activation Question 3 2.5 out of 2.5 points What happens to a molecule when it is phosphorylated? Answer Selected
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This scientific report will be based on cellular respiration‚ or fermentation. In specific‚ how the type of sugar affects the rate of fermentation. The aim of this experiment was to find which type of sugar was best suited to produce ethanol. In the experiment‚ four different sugars were used‚ they included sucrose‚ glucose‚ lactose and fructose. This research is still relevant today‚ as alcohol is still consumed and is required on a large scale. This makes it crucial to companies to find the best
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Name: Cellular Respiration—An Overview All cells need energy all the time‚ and their primary source of energy is ATP. The methods cells use to make ATP vary depending on the availability of oxygen and their biological make-up. In many cases the cells are in an oxygen-rich environment. For example‚ as you sit and read this sentence‚ you are breathing in oxygen‚ which is then carried throughout your body by red blood cells. But‚ some cells grow in envi¬ronments without oxygen (yeast
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