Describe the process of photosynthesis. Make sure to include the light-dependent and light-independent (also called Calvin Cycle) parts. Make to also talk about Glucose‚ ATP‚ chloroplast‚ and photosynthesis’s chemical formula. Describe the process of cellular respiration. Make to talk about the 3 parts of cellular respiration: glycolysis‚ Krebs cycle (or citric acid cycle)‚ and electron transport chain. Also make sure to talk about ADP‚ ATP‚ aerobic processes‚ anaerobic processes‚ mitochondria
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cells called ATP (adenosine tri-phosphate). Cellular respiration is conducted in 3 processes: Glycolysis‚ Citric Acid Cycle‚ and Oxidative Phosphorylation. A glucose molecule enters into Glycolysis‚ and then is transformed to two Pyruvate molecules; it then changes again to Coenzyme A before entering into the mitochondria. Once inside the‚ each molecule enters the Citric Acid Cycle converted into Citrate and circulates through 3 times. The electrons expelled from this process are taken to the
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Chemical principles are important in modern cell biology because all living cells are made up of chemicals and many chemical processes occur in various living organisms. Chemistry is the one science in which all the other sciences are based. In biology you learn about living organisms and their composition. Organisms are alive because of chemistry - Why we breathe oxygen‚ how we make energy‚ elimination of waste products‚ cellular respiration‚ etc. All of these are based on how living organisms use
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energy source. Mitochondria tend to be concentrated near cellular structures that require large inputs of energy‚ such as the flagellum. The role of the mitochondria is very important in respiration. In the presence of oxygen‚ pyruvate or fatty acids‚ can be further oxidized in the mitochondria. Each mitochondrion is enclosed by two membranes separated by an intermembrane space. The intermembrane space extends into the folds of the inner membrane called cristae which dramatically increase the
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pathway and the Calvin cycle take place at two temporal parts. In the mesophyll cell‚ at the C4 pathway carbon dioxide is hydrated to form bicarbonate ion‚ which reacts with enzyme‚ phosphoenolpyruvate‚ to produce the four-carbon compound‚ oxaloacetate. This process occurs at night when the stomata of the cactus are open and CO2 (Carla) was diffused in. Oxaloacetate is then reduced to malate‚ which is stored as malic acid in the vacuole. However‚ during the daytime malic acid is turned back into malate
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environment compared to those mealworms that were exposed to a light environment. This hypothesis was based on the fact that oxygen levels tend to decrease in light deficient environments. Due to limited oxygen‚ citrate concentrations found in the citric acid cycle are high and affects the activity of the enzyme phosphofructokinase‚ which is found in the early stages of glycolysis and catalyses the conversion of fructose 6-phosphate to fructose 1‚6-bisphosphate‚ by slowing down its function and therefore
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via the beta-oxidation pathway. Fats are used as the body does not require energy to be released rapidly until the point when the athlete achieves a relatively stable “metabolic pace.” The production of ATP is quicker from glucose than from fatty acids though‚ from anaerobic respiration. By 5 minutes once the athlete gets settled into a steady pace‚ aerobic pathways begin to take over. This aerobic pathway involves the catabolism of glucose‚ as a fuel. Reliance on glucose is due to the ability to
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Hydroxyl OH Carbonyl C=O Carboxyl OH-C=O Amino NH2 Sulfhydryl SH Phosphate O3-P=O Methyl CH3 Macromolecules Needed in large quantities Polymers Carbohydrates Lipids Proteins Nucleic Acids Three of the four molecules are polymers Carbohydrates Proteins Nucleic Acids Carbohydrates Include sugars Simplest carbs are monosaccharide’s Usually multiples of CH2O Glucose is the most common monosaccharide Polysaccharides The polymers of sugars having storage
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break it down into carbon dioxide‚ water‚ and energy required for the body to function. More scientifically‚ it is a three-step pathway that produces ATP (adenosine triphosphate.) The three stages of cellular respiration are: glycolysis‚ the citric acid cycle‚ and electron transport. Ethanol is a volatile‚ colorless liquid and is considered a psychoactive drug. Ethanol is generally known to have depressant effects on the central nervous system. If you subject mealworms to a 95% ethanol solution
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Study of Krebs cycle using Mitochondria from Mung Bean Seedlings INTRODUCTION The mitochondria is a very important organelle in the plant cell because it carries out very important cellular reactions in the cell like the Krebs cycle and oxidative phosphorylation which is how the plants produce ATP from the pyruvate produced through glycolysis (Meyer and Millar‚ 2008). Glycolysis produces a net of 2 ATP for the plant which is not enough for the cell to function while the Krebs cycle and electron
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