glycolysis‚ glucose (6 C) is broken into 2 pyruvic acid (3 C) 2 ATP is produced and 2 NADH come in to keep the energy released from broken bonds. The Bridge Before going to the Kreb’s cycle 2 pyruvic acid (3C) becomes 2 Acetyl CoA (2 C). As a result‚ 2CO2 is produced and 2NADH comes in the keep the energy released. Kreb’s Cycle Takes place in the cytoplasm for prokaryotes or in the mitochondria for eukaryores. Two Acetyl CoA spin around the Kreb’s cycle—one time for each. At the end‚ 2 Acetyl CoA
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1 Two critical ingredients required for cellular respiration are glucose and oxygen. Cellular Respiration‚ process in which cells produce the energy they need to survive. In cellular respiration‚ cells use oxygen to break down the sugar glucose and store its energy in molecules of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Cellular respiration is critical for the survival of most organisms because the energy in glucose cannot be used by cells until it is stored in ATP. Cells use ATP to power virtually all of
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organisms produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP) as a source of energy for cellular work‚ using cellular respiration. Cellular respiration is a process that involves glycolysis -breaking down glucose into two molecules of 3- carbon pyruvate‚ the Krebs cycle - oxidizing organic fuel derived from pyruvate-‚ and the electron transport chain - moving electrons through a series of protein complexes to generate ATP (Reece‚ et.al‚ 2011). The process of cellular respiration occurs in the Cytoplasm and the Mitochondria
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reactions and pathways involved. Cellular Respiration can be divided into three metabolic processes; Glycolysis that occurs in the cytoplasm‚ Krebs cycle that takes place in the matrix of the mitochondria‚ and Oxidative phosphorylation that occurs via the electron
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The only cells in our body that can metabolize ethanol are in our liver. In the cells NAD+ oxidizes the ethanol to acetic acid‚ which generates an excess amount of NADH‚ which gives its electrons to the ETC. Then Oxidative phosphorylation occurs without the Krebs cycle. The carbohydrates that normally enter the Krebs cycle are turned to fat because the Krebs cycle is turned off. The fat is then secreted by the liver into the blood. The ethanol enters our bloodstream through our intestines
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through cellular respiration convert energy into ATP. They do this in three distinct stages; glycolysis‚the Krebs cycle and the electron transport chain. The Krebs cycle and electron transport chain are both aerobic process and require oxygen. In certain conditions where oxygen is not present or is low some organisms switch from cellular respiration into alcoholic or lactic acid fermentation. Fermentation is an anaerobic‚ metabolic pathway used to oxidize nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
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Link reaction The link reaction takes place in the mitochondrial matrix and its main function is to turn the pyruvate into acetate for the kerb cycle. During the link reaction the pyruvate molecule undergoes decarboxylation and dehydrogenation‚ the enzymes pyruvate decarboxylase and pyruvate dehydrogenase remove the carboxyl group (which becomes a carbon dioxide molecule) and removes the hydrogen atoms from the pyruvate molecule. The coenzyme NAD accepts the two hydrogen atoms and becomes reduced
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II and PSI – what is happening (electron transport chain‚ proton gradient‚ etc) how do plants use this to make ATP PSII makes oxygen gas‚ PSI makes NADPH Mitochondria vs. chloroplasts – similarities‚ evolutionary connections‚ etc Calvin cycle – who‚ what‚ how; starting material (CO2) Know RuPB and rubisco; know what compound is turned into sugars (G3P); To make 1 G3P takes 3 CO2 + 9 ATP + 6 NADPH Chapter 9 Signal transduction – who‚ what‚ why; Know the 5 methods of cell
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TCA cycle‚ all of which also occurs in the mitochondria‚ to generate ATP and NADH through the complete oxidation of the molecule (generating water and CO2). In summary‚ a net-gain of 8 NADH‚ 2 FADH2‚ 2 ATP and 6 CO2 are produced for each glucose molecule converted to pyruvate that enters the mitochondria. Glycolytic oscillations Oscillation is a phenomenon that regularly occurs
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membrane c. Both chloroplasts and mitochondria have an internal compartment‚ the thylakoid space bounded by the thylakoid membrane d. Both chloroplasts and mitochondria contain DNA. Sol. Correct choice: (3) Q. 7. The overall goal of glycolysis‚ Krebs cycle and the electron transport system is the formation of: a.
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