Investigation of the probiotic properties of bacterial strains from two probiotic drinks and their survivability in artificial gastric juice ABSTRACT: Two probiotic drinks were investigated in vitro to test their ability to survive acidic conditions and their probiotic factors. Both the products: Actimel and Yakult contain gram-positive bacteria‚ but Actimel also has a gram-negative bacteria. The ability to survive was investigated by adding artificial gastric juice to the products and incubating
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FACT: Potassium tellurite (K2TeO3) inhibits the growth of gram-negative bacteria and most of the upper respiratory tract normal flora. Oxyanions of tellurium‚ like tellurite (TeO32-)‚ are highly toxic for most eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms. Known for its antimicrobial properties‚ potassium tellurite has been used in selective media for the isolation of a number of naturally tellurite-resistant bacterial species such as the C. diphtheriae. These tellurite-resistant bacteria reduce tellurite
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Title: DNA analysis Aim: a) Isolate and Purify Bacterial Chromosomal DNA from a strain of E.coli b) Visualization of restriction fragments by Agarose Gel electrophoresis Objectives: * to isolate and purify bacterial chromosomal DNA from a strain of E.coli * to analyze and identify DNA by use of a spectro-photometer * to use restriction enzymes to cleave DNA into fragments * to visualize the restriction fragments by gel electrophoresis * to compare the different
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which is said to be transformed with the recombinant molecule. Here‚ these plasmid vectors multiply‚ producing numerous identical copies of itself and the gene that it carries. Like the host-cell chromosomal DNA‚ plasmid DNA is duplicated before every cell division; they replicate independent of the chromosomal DNA. During cell division‚ at least one copy of the plasmid DNA is segregated to each daughter cell‚ assuring continued propagation of the plasmid through successive generations of the host cell
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baldness in people horns in cattle 9. Linkage Genes for different characters together on the same chromosome Thus gene segregation and independent assortment is impossible Crossing over can separate these genes Chromosomal maps Changes in genetic traits due to mutations: 1. Chromosomal mutations (altered karyotypes) Down syndrome Retarded mental/physical development Extra chromosome 21 (3n) triploid Other karyotypic mutations Inversions translocations Deletions duplication 2
Free DNA RNA Gene
Jacob’s syndrome 2 Anatomy and Physiology: Jacob’s syndrome Over the past 40 years people have been aware of Jacobs’s syndrome‚ a rare chromosomal genetic syndrome which occurs when a male receives an extra Y chromosome‚ resulting in a sequence in XYY. Males normally have XY and females normally have XX sequencing 1. Chromosomes store genetic information in all human beings. There are 23 pairs of chromosomes and 46 in total. On the 23rd pair holds the sex chromosomes which also store genetic information
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Alu insertion polymorphisms consists of absence or presence of Alu elements at a particular chromosomal location.(Novick et al‚1993) They are typed by rapid PCR ‚ which are stable polymorphisms. Newly inserted Alu elements rarely ever go trough deletion.(Stonekening‚ 1997)The presence of Alu element represent probability that different Alu elements would independently insert into the exact same chromosomal location is negligible. The theory of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium gives the gene frequencies
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Prolonged and repeated use of antibiotic leads to many pathogen becoming resistant to antibiotics. The resistance may be either intrinsic or acquired depending on the condition. Although classically attributed to chromosomal mutations‚ resistance is most commonly associated with extra-chromosomal elements acquired from other bacteria in the environment. These include different types of mobile DNA segments‚ such as plasmids‚ transposons‚ and integrons. However‚ intrinsic mechanisms not commonly specified
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_ Hfr strain _ f. The creation of a knockout mouse uses the process of __ recombination___ to replace DNA with an engineered construct 3. What is the difference between: a. A plasmid and a chromosome Plasmid: A extra chromosomal which may or may not integrate with the main genome. It gives additional characters to the cell like antibiotic resistance. Chromosome: The main genome of the cell. It controls all functions of the cell. b. Transduction and
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Analysis of A. fischeri chDNA restriction digestion by Sal I enzyme after isolation and purification via agarose gel electrophoresis Bio 219-064 (Techniques in Molecular Biology) Group 5: Tung Nguyen‚ Uyen Tran‚ Amber Beckley‚ Danielle Exler Department of Biology‚ Drexel University‚ Philadelphia‚ Pennsylvania 19104 Submitted October 27‚ 2014 ________________________________________________________________________ Abstract Bioluminescence is one of the benefits that a deep sea organism received
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