LECTURE 1 GRAMMAR IN THE SYSTEMIC CONCEPTION OF LANGUAGE 1. The definition of language. The distinction between language and speech. Language as a semiotic system: its functions‚ elements and structure. Lingual elements (units) as signs. Segmental and supra-segmental lingual units. 2. The levels оf lingual units‚ their structural and functional features. Hierarchical relations between units of different levels. Language and speech levels. Primary and secondary levels. 3. General principles
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Doing What’s Right Can Be So Hard In John Updike’s “A & P” Sammy‚ the main character of the story encounters three young girls who come into his grocery store. They are dressed for a day at the beach‚ not shopping. “The one that caught my eye first was the one in the plaid green two-piece. She was a chunky kid‚ with a good tan and a sweet broad soft-looking can with those two crescents of white just under it‚ where the sun never seems to hit‚ at the top of the backs of her legs.” (Updike) Sammy
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misses the whole point of democracy and free press. Unfortunately‚ a lot of what Chomsky points out is very relevant to what is seen in the media. Chomsky points out that the U.S. has a spectator democracy in which there is the specialized class (who take on an active role) and then we have the bewildered herd/ “others” (who are meant to be distracted). The bewildered herd has to be controlled for their own safe being. Chomsky points out that the bewildered herd is not trusted with freedom‚ because they
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Erickson’s Psychosocial Theory Mid term Essay Erick Erickson is a well known theorist. He was a student of Freud and was greatly influenced by his work. Erikson’s theory is known as one of the best theories of personality in psychology. While he accepted Freud’s theory of psychosexual development‚ he felt that it was incomplete. It did not recognize social and cultural influences It did not recognize development changes beyond adolescence It did not put enough emphasis on ego development
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David Draper Kelsey Rogers Gordon’s Theory Majorie Gordon theory was established with 11 functional health patterns. Gordon proposed 11 functional health patterns as a guide to organize data while assessing a patient. These 11 health patterns help signify a sequence of recurring behavior. Gordon’s Typology of 11 Functional Health Patterns 1. Health-perception-health –management pattern a. Describes the client’s perceived pattern of health and well-being and how health is managed. 2. Nutritional-metabolic
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here‚ to be so vague as to make it difficult to disagree with): at the practical classroom end‚ CLT is strongly associated with a number of particular activity types‚ such as problem-solving and pair work. But in the middle ground‚ the area where theory meets practice‚ things become less certain‚ For example‚ what exactly does CLT set out to teach? Is there such a thing as a communicative language syllabus? If so‚ what does it consist of? Is it simply a notional-functional syllabus under a new name
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Modern universal grammar is a result of the advancement of evolutionary psychology as portrayed by Charles Darwin’s evolutionary theories. Darwin believed that evolutionary psychology gave the human race it’s “first systematic way of understanding ourselves”. Grammar‚ while varying by language‚ is understood to be a systematic and proper for humans to communicate with each other and its use a result of natural selection given the youtube video‚ “Charles Darwin’s Legacy”. In “Charles Darwin’s
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E C T U R E 3 Context-Free Grammars 1 Where are Context-Free Grammars (CFGs) Used? CFGs are a more powerful formalism than regular expressions. They are more powerful in the sense that whatever can be expressed using regular expressions can be expressed using grammars (short for context-free grammars here)‚ but they can also express languages that do not have regular expressions. An example of such a language is the set of well-matched parenthesis. Grammars are used to express syntactic rules
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PAPER 6 (DESCRIPTIVE LINGUISTICS) STRUCTURAL GRAMMAR Broadly speaking any grammar in which there is an attempt to describe the structure of grammatical sentences is structural grammar. But the term has come to refer more narrowly to the type of grammar brought to its maximum development in the early 1950’s by such men like C. C. Fries and Zelling Harris. Structural grammar in this sense is characterized by the procedure known as substitution‚ by which word class membership is established and by which
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1. The subject of theoretical grammar and its difference from practical grammar. The following course of theoretical grammar serves to describe the grammatical structure of the English language as a system where all parts are interconnected. The difference between theoretical and practical grammar lies in the fact that practical grammar prescribes certain rules of usage and teaches to speak (or write) correctly whereas theoretical grammar presents facts of language‚ while analyzing them‚ and gives
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