Part 1: INTRODUCTION TO GRAMMAR 1. Introduction: what is grammar? phonology lexicology(lexicology + lexicography (voc)) phonetics syntax morphology pragmatics 2. Levels of Grammatical Analysis 390080512128525863551212850 2.1 Discourse(text level) consists ofimmediate constituent of shows cohesion cohesion can take form of ellipsis 2.2 Sentence(zin) 2.3 Clause(deelzin) main clause (can be textually dependent) subclause = subordinate clause (structurally dependent) with subordinating
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& SWAGPro TSL 3083 Teaching Grammar in Primary School Descriptive grammar Descriptive grammar refers to the structure of a language as it is actually used by speakers and writers of the native speaker. Descriptive grammars describe how people use spoken and written language and the knowledge that they use to decide whether something is grammatically correct. Specialists in descriptive grammar (linguists) study the rules or patterns that underlie our use of words‚ phrases
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тема: TEACHING GRAMMAR COMMUNICATIVELY Ментор: Изработила: Table of content: 1. Introduction 2. What is Grammar? 3. Why study grammar? 4. Approaches to teaching grammar 5. Communicative grammar teaching 6. Current trends in teaching grammar 7. References
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This essay will identify how coherence is achieved in texts and will also explore Halliday and Hasan’s theories about coherence and cohesion. Coherence is the logical connections that readers or listeners perceive in a written or oral text. Coherence accounts for the fact that we do not communicate by verbal means only. The traditional concept of coherence‚ which is solely based on relationships between verbal textual elements‚ is too narrow to account for coherence in interaction. Ultimately‚ coherence
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An article discussing the grammar-translation approach to language learning. At the height of the Communicative Approach to language learning in the 1980s and early 1990s it became fashionable in some quarters to deride so-called "old-fashioned" methods and‚ in particular‚ something broadly labelled "Grammar Translation". There were numerous reasons for this but principally it was felt that translation itself was an academic exercise rather than one which would actually help learners to use language
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Axia College Material Appendix F Comprehensive Grammar CheckPoint Enter the correct answer for each item by typing A or B in the second column. Provide an explanation for each choice in the Rationale column. The boxes expand to accommodate the text. Item | Correct Answer(A or B) | Rationale | 1. | B | “her name” assumes female. | 2. | A | “because I’m a girl” implies all girls aren’t good at math | 3. | B | A infers the expectation that Muslims are not nice | 4. | B | Cuban American
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make written grammar errors comparable to Folse (2009)‚ “20 common errors made by native speakers” (p. 39). Therefore‚ when tasked with distinguishing native speakers and “ELL grammar errors” quiz (p. 4)‚ I completely missed the possessive “students’” in number 10. On the other hand‚ I was able to detect ELL grammar errors contributing this success to my frequent interaction with immigrant populations. The most apparent being word order errors. Receiving a low score in the “ELL grammar knowledge” quiz
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OK. Today‚ we will discuss grammar teaching. This chapter includes 5 titles. The first one is: A) Introducing Grammar This part of the chapter gives us examples and principles on how to introduce a grammatical function or a grammatical structure. Examples given here are actually based on inductive methods of grammar teaching. First I want to give you a brief comparison of inductive and traditional methods of grammar teaching. Traditional Method: 1- It defines rules and exceptions at the first
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January 13‚ 2009 Study Guide For Grammar Test A noun is a word or word group that is used to name a person‚ place‚ thing‚ or an idea Persons: Mr. Wood‚ teacher‚ chef‚ Dr. Hakim Places: Grand Canyon‚ City‚ Kitchen Things: lamp‚ granite‚ Sports Award‚ George Washington Bridge A compound noun is a single noun made up of two or more words used together One word: grandmother‚ basketball Hyphenated Word: mother-in-law‚ light-year Two words: grand piano‚ jumping jack A proper noun names
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According to Merriam-Webster’s Online Dictionary‚ grammar is "the study of the classes of words‚ their inflections‚ and their functions and relations in the sentence." After studying grammar‚ however‚ it is apparent that grammar also creates‚ maintains‚ and communicates meaning during interaction. Thus‚ one must look more deeply at individual words as well at whole pieces of a work or conversation in order to truly understand their meaning. Most people are aware of the denotative meanings of words
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