Chemistry Review (mid-term) 1. Use the equation for atomic mass to answer the following questions. (http://johnheilchem10.escuelacampoalegre.wikispaces.net/file/view/average+atomic+mass+calculations+-+3.pdf) 1. Argon has three naturally occurring isotopes: argon-36‚ argon-38‚ and argon-40. Based on argon’sreported atomic mass‚ which isotope do you think is the most abundant in nature? Explain. 2. Copper is made of two isotopes. Copper-63 is 69.17% abundant and it has a mass of 62.9296 amu.
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IGCSE Complete Chemistry Notes Unit 1: States of matter Everything is made of particles. Particles in solid are not free to move around. Liquids and gases can. As particles move they collide with each other and bounce off in all directions. This is called random motion. In 2 substances‚ when mixed‚ particles bounce off in all directions when they collide. This mixing process is called diffusion. It’s also the movement of particles without a force. The smallest particle
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IGCSE Chemistry 2012 exam revision notes by Samuel Lees Contents: 1. The particulate nature of matter 2. Experimental techniques 2.1 Measurement 2.2 (a) Criteria of purity 2.2 (b) Methods of purification 3. Atoms‚ elements and compounds 4.1 Atomic structure and the Periodic Table 4.2 Bonding the structure of matter 3.2 (a) Ions and ionic bonds 3.2 (b) Molecules and covalent bonds 3.2 (c) Macromolecules 3.2 (d) Metallic bonding 3 Stoichiometry 4
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Separation of a Mixture of Solids PURPOSE: The purpose of this lab is to familiarize ourselves with the techniques associated with separating a mixture of different solids. We will learn how the unique properties of substances can aid in this process and help us distinguish each pure substance from one another. DATA OBSERVATIONS CALCULATIONS CONCLUSION/DISCUSSION QUESTIONS A. How did your proposed Procedures or flow charts at the beginning of this experiment compare to the actual Procedures
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Baking Project There are several chemical reactions taking place in the general baking of cakes. Every ingredient has its own function and causes a different reaction Synthesis: * Egg yolks (modify molecule’s structure) helps the oil-based and water-based components of the cake mix together. When eggs are cooked‚ the protein molecules become uncurled when exposed to heat and create new molecular bonds with other nearby protein molecules. When the egg is completely cooked‚ it helps form a
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Isotopes and average atomic mass Isotope: element variations with different atomic mass but same atomic number Isotopic Abundance: the relative amount in which each isotope of an element Calculating: given 2 isotopes of an element [B: 10.01u] [B: 11.01u] 1) Given average atomic mass: 10.81u If given percentages‚ you can find average atomic mass by adding each portion 2) Set variables for unknown values Let x represent % abundance for 10/5 B Let 1-x represent % abundance for 11/5 B Calculate:
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Abstract By adding HCl to 2-methyl-2-butanol‚ through the Sn1 mechanism‚ 2-chloro-2-methylbutane is formed. Water‚ sodium bicarbonate and NaCl(aq) were then added to the 2-chloro-2-methylbutane to remove any of the excess water from the reaction. To confirm‚ a successful reaction‚ AgNO3 was added to the 2-chloro-2-methylbutane. A white precipitate formation confirmed a successful Sn1 reaction. Introduction Nucleophilic substitution reactions such as Sn1 and Sn2 allow us to convert one functional
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Absorbance of Light vs. Concentration of Colored Solution Introduction: Performing this lab showed the importance of light in virtual drug screening because light can be used in a variety of ways to obtain different kinds of information in research. Light can be used to determine the concentration of DNA or protein in solution‚ tag different objects such as cells‚ protein structures‚ or bacteria in order to determine whether there is a large amount of a certain substance‚ and to determine the size
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BATTERIES What is a battery? A battery is a container consisting of one or more cells carrying an electric charge and used as a source of power. SECONDARY BATTERIES * rechargeable * high cost (short-term) low cost (long-term) * used in objects with high energy requirements: e.g. mobile phones‚ power tools * require special handling‚ containment & disposal * limited interchangeability * long life time * produce smaller amount of waste (flat discharge curve)
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Module 4: 10. Strong Bases: NaOH‚ KOH‚ Na2CO3‚ NaHCO3‚ Na3PO4‚ NaHPO4‚ Strong Acids: Fe(NO3)3‚ HCL‚ HNO3‚ Al(NO3)3‚ NiCl2‚ H2SO4 11. Acidic Neutral Basic NaCl KNO3 NaOH HC2H3O2 Na2CO3 NaC2H3O2 NaHCO3 Fe(NO3)3 NaNO3 Na3PO4 HCl MgSO4 KOH HNO3 Na2SO4 NaHPO4 CuSO4 NaNO2 CoCl2 Al(NO3)3 NiCl2 H2SO4 KCl NH4Cl 12. CuSO4 CuCO3.Cu(OH)2(s) + 2 H2SO4(aq) ----> 2 CuSO4(aq) + CO2(g) + 3 H2O(l) Na3PO4 Na3PO4 (aq) + 3H2O (l) --> H3PO4 (aq) + 3NaOH
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